Chiloe and its islands are a world apart, and there is a strong sense of belonging. Moreover, it is here that the Mapuche Huilliche identify themselves, live and struggle to maintain their pride as native peoples, while being particularly down trodden by the trajectory of their history. Hence the appearance of several challenges to the identity the actors claim affiliation to - or not to. Questions and attitudes can negate their belonging to the Mapuche Huilliche of Chiloe. The experience and the information collected for this essay about Huilliche Community Federation of Chiloe Island helps the author reflect on the construction of identity in contexts experienced by subaltern groups or in the words of multiple informants, from the perspective of a vanquished people.