At the beginning of the 20th century, the magazine Pluma i Lapiz assumes the critical reception of the literary movement founded by Ruben Dario (modernism) and related influences that the French school exerted on the field of Humanities from various artistic movements such as decadence, parnassianism, symbolism. This article attempts to describe how the assumption of modernism in Chile articulates valuations, leaderships, contentions and arguments with regards to the battle the new literary current fought against other prevalent literary schools, especially realism and naturalism.