We analyze the labor participation of rural women and the associated factors by means of Logistic Regression Model. We observe an increse in the participation rates, with reduced unemployement levels, despite the persistance of gaps and precariousness in work conditions. Women with a better preparation and with more favorable attitudes towards work conditions generate income, support their families, develop empowerment processes. The following improve the probability to be employed: number of income receivers and children; being the head of household; level of education; age. Inhibiting factors are: having children who are minors or are in pre-school age; having a partner; and having a higher income not dependent of female contribution.