Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is an intensively topic studied in ecophysiology for the purpose of understanding energy budgets of the species, variations of energy expenditure during their diary activities and physiological acclimatization to the environment. Establishing how the metabolism is assembled to the environment can provide valuable data to improve conservation strategies of endangered species. In this sense, metabolic differences associated to habitats have been widely reported in the interspecific level, however little is known about the intraspecific view of BMR under an environmental gradient. In this study, we researched the effect of the habitat on metabolic rate of an Iberian endemic species: Iberomys cabrerae. Animals were captured in different subpopulations of its altitudinal range and their MR was studied over a thermal gradient. MR was analyzed through a Linear Mixed Model (LMM) in which, in addition to thermal effects, the bioclimatic zone and sex also influenced the metabolism of the species. The beginning of thermoneutrality zone was set on 26.5 degrees C and RMR was 2.3 ml O-2 g(-1) h(-1), intermediate between both bioclimatic zones. Supramediterranean subpopulations started the T-lc earlier (24.9 degrees C) and had higher RMR than the mesomediterranean ones (26.9 degrees C). The thermal environment together with primary productivity conditions could explain this difference in the metabolic behaviour of the Cabrera voles. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.