This article analyzes two texts belonging to Spanish classical dramaturgy : Las tres justicias en una, by Pedro Calderon de la Barca, and La mojigata, by Leandro Fernandez de Moratin. We study their actions, characters, stylistics resources, themes and meanings. Considering they belong to different centuries (XVII and XVIII) and genres (new comedy and neoclassical comedy), at the end of the paper we compare the two works from many different points of view (including their relationship with some theoretical treatises on drama of each time period) to observe the different treatment that they make of a salient theme, the education of their children, which appears in both texts.