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| DOI | 10.1111/GFS.12201 | ||||
| Año | 2016 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
In grass-legume swards, biologically fixed nitrogen (N) from the legume can support the N requirements of the grass, but legume N fixation is suppressed by additional fertilizer N application. This study sought to identify a fertilizer N application rate that maximizes herbage and N yields, N fixation and apparent N transfer from white clover to companion grasses under intensive grazing at a site with high soil-N status. During a 3-year period (2011-2013), swards of perennial ryegrass and of perennial ryegrass-white clover, receiving up to 240kg N ha(-1)year(-1), were compared using isotope dilution and N-difference methods. The presence of white clover increased herbage and N yields by 12-44% and 26-72%, respectively. Applications of N fertilizer reduced sward white clover content, but the effect was less at below 120kg N ha(-1). The proportion of N derived from the atmospheric N fixation was 25-70%. Nitrogen fixation ranged from 25 to 142kg N ha(-1) measured using the isotope dilution method in 2012 and from 52 to 291kg N ha(-1) using the N-difference method across all years. Fertilizer N application reduced the percentage and yield of fixed N. Transfer of N from white clover to grass was not confirmed, but there was an increased N content in grass and soil-N levels. Under intensive grazing, the maximum applied N rate that optimized herbage and N yields with minimal effect on white clover content and fixation rates was 60-120kg N ha(-1).
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Enriquez-Hidalgo, Daniel | Hombre |
TEAGASC - Irlanda
Queens Univ - Reino Unido Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile Moorepark Animal & Grassland Research Centre - Irlanda Queen's University Belfast - Reino Unido |
| 2 | Gilliland, T. J. | - |
Queens Univ - Reino Unido
Agri Food & Biosci Inst - Reino Unido Queen's University Belfast - Reino Unido Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast - Reino Unido |
| 3 | Hennessy, D. | Mujer |
TEAGASC - Irlanda
Moorepark Animal & Grassland Research Centre - Irlanda |
| Agradecimiento |
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| This research received funding from Dairy Research Ireland. The first author was in receipt of a Teagasc Walsh Fellowship. The authors acknowledge the advice received from Stewart Ledgard (AgResearch, New Zealand) and Euan James (The James Hutton Institute, UK) regarding <SUP>15</SUP>N isotope dilution. The authors would like to specially thank Murray Unkovich (School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Australia) for his important contribution to this study. The authors would like to thank Dr. Brendan Horan (Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark) for internally reviewing this manuscript. The authors acknowledge the University of California Davis Stable Isotope Facility for the <SUP>15</SUP>N analyses described in this work. |