Through four sections, this paper would realize a theoretical approach to autofiction taking into account the actual state of the investigation about the matter and laying networks to others theoretical lines that would allow us to go further in the analysis. The main hypothesis that articulates the text is that from the differences between "the memory's rhetorical" and "the writing of souvenirs", the new genre proposes the strengthening of the ambiguous character of the second, in behalf of the systematic one of the first.