This paper aims to show that in the archipelago of Chiloe, southern Chile, takes place a process of consolidation of an extractive model with certain local peculiarities which currently is represented, inter alia, for the advancement of exploration concessions and mining. This has generated social questions regarding the potential impacts of industrial mining in Chiloe and necessary codes of action to ensure the sovereign territory management. The large Bay of Cucao is constituted in this regard, as one of the sectors that has greater dynamism in the combination of these variables.