The theme and location of the petroglyphs found on a hillside in Rincon Las Chilcas, Coquimbo, Chile, suggest that the place was used as a major ceremonial center to strengthen hierarchies and tribal cohesion through religious ceremonies connected with fertility and observation of the Sun, Moon and other astronomical phenomena. These were seen as regulatory nature deities within a dualist conception, whose favors facilitated the practice of the inhabitants' incipient agriculture and shepherding in addition to their hunting and gathering activities.