Introduction: nutritional warning labels (NWLs) seek to encourage a preference for foods with fewer critical nutrient warnings. This study, conducted more than ten years after implementing Chile’s food nutritional composition law, aimed to determine consumer intention to discard foods with NWLs based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Materials and methods: a questionnaire was made to 357 adults responsible for house-hold food between September and November 2022. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling using IBM SPSS 27.0 and MPLUS 8.1 software. Results: the results revealed that subjective norms and perceived behavioral control positively influence the intention to discard processed foods with NWLs, while attitude has a significant negative effect. Conclusions: the study demons-trates that the TCP remains a practical framework to explain the impact of NWLs on the food decisions of the population studied, even after a decade of the law’s implementation. However, the findings also suggest the need to develop medium-term communication tools aimed at the general population to promote informed choices about processed foods and, in this way, contribute to the reduction of non-communicable diseases related to poor eating habits.