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Design, Tuning, and Experimental Validation of Switched Fractional-Order PID Controllers for an Inverted Pendulum System
Indexado
WoS WOS:001475064500001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:105003549998
DOI 10.3390/FRACTALFRACT9040234
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Stabilizing inverted pendulum systems remains a challenging and open control problem due to their inherent instability and relevance in a wide range of real-world applications, including robotics and aerospace systems. While PID and fractional-order PID (FOPID) controllers offer distinct advantages, they individually suffer from trade-offs between performance and control energy. This paper presents the design, implementation, and experimental validation of a switched SW FOPID-PID controller for the stabilization of an inverted pendulum (InvP) system, aiming to achieve an improved balance between system performance and control energy used. The controller was tuned offline using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and a mathematical model of the system for simulation. Additional PID and FOPID controllers were also designed, tuned and validated for comparison purposes. Their performance was assessed through key indicators, including ITAE, ISI, settling time, peak values, and variance and compared against a manufacturer-provided PID controller. The experimental results demonstrated that all three designed controllers outperformed the manufacturer's PID under nominal conditions. The SW FOPID-PID controller achieved the best overall performance, balancing control energy efficiency and response quality. Under external disturbances, the FOPID and SW FOPID-PID controllers exhibited superior robustness, with the switched controller being the most effective, responding quickly to disturbances while minimizing positional and angular errors. Still, this research is limited to a specific plant and switching strategy; thus, further validation on other systems and switching criteria is necessary to generalize these findings.

Revista



Revista ISSN
2504-3110

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Disciplinas de Investigación



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Scopus
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SciELO
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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Fernandez-Jorquera, Matias - Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana - Chile
2 Zepeda-Rabanal, Marco - Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana - Chile
3 Aguila-Camacho, Norelys - Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana - Chile
4 Barzaga-Martell, Lisbel - Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana - Chile

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Financiamiento



Fuente
FONDECYT
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico
Basal Project
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
ANID Chile

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
This research was funded by ANID CHILE under grant number Fondecyt 1220168, Fondecyt 3240317 and Basal Project AFB230001.
This research was funded by ANID CHILE under grant number Fondecyt 1220168, Fondecyt 3240317 and Basal Project AFB230001.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.