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TDCOSMO: XVII. New time delays in 22 lensed quasars from optical monitoring with the ESO-VST 2.6m and MPG 2.2m telescopes
Indexado
WoS WOS:001488693800008
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:105005539473
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/202553807
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



We present new time delays, the main ingredient of time delay cosmography, for 22 lensed quasars resulting from high-cadence r-band monitoring on the 2.6 m ESO VLT Survey Telescope and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 2.2 m telescope. Each lensed quasar was typically monitored for one to four seasons, often shared between the two telescopes to mitigate the interruptions forced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of targets consists of 19 quadruply and 3 doubly imaged quasars, which received a total of 1918 hours of on-sky time split into 21 581 wide-field frames, each 320 seconds long. In a given field, the 5-sigma depth of the combined exposures typically reaches the 27(th) magnitude, while that of single visits is 24.5 mag - similar to the expected depth of the upcoming Vera-Rubin LSST. The fluxes of the different lensed images of the targets were reliably de-blended, providing not only light curves with photometric precision down to the photon noise limit, but also high-resolution models of the targets whose features and astrometry were systematically confirmed in Hubble Space Telescope imaging. This was made possible thanks to a new photometric pipeline, lightcurver, and the forward modelling method STARRED. Finally, the time delays between pairs of curves and their uncertainties were estimated, taking into account the degeneracy due to microlensing, and for the first time the full covariance matrices of the delay pairs are provided. Of note, this survey, with 13 square degrees, has applications beyond that of time delays, such as the study of the structure function of the multiple high-redshift quasars present in the footprint at a new high in terms of both depth and frequency. The reduced images will be available through the European Southern Observatory Science Portal.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Astronomy & Astrophysics 0004-6361

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Dux, F. - European Southern Observ - Chile
Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL - Suiza
European Southern Observatory Santiago - Chile
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Suiza
2 Millon, M. Hombre Stanford Univ - Estados Unidos
Swiss Fed Inst Technol - Suiza
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology - Estados Unidos
ETH Zurich - Suiza
3 Galan, A. - Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL - Suiza
TECH UNIV MUNICH - Alemania
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Suiza
Technische Universität München - Alemania
4 Paic, E. - Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL - Suiza
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Suiza
5 Lemon, C. Hombre Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL - Suiza
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Suiza
6 Courbin, Fred Hombre Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL - Suiza
Univ Barcelona - España
ICREA - España
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Suiza
Universitat de Barcelona - España
Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats - España
7 Bonvin, V. Mujer Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL - Suiza
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Suiza
8 ANGUITA-AVARIA, TIMO Hombre Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
9 Auger, Matthew W. Hombre UNIV CAMBRIDGE - Reino Unido
Institute of Astronomy - Reino Unido
University of Cambridge - Reino Unido
10 Birrer, Simon Hombre SUNY Stony Brook - Estados Unidos
Stony Brook University - Estados Unidos
11 Buckley-Geer, E. J. Mujer Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab - Estados Unidos
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory - Estados Unidos
12 Fassnacht, C. D. Hombre UNIV CALIF DAVIS - Estados Unidos
University of California, Davis - Estados Unidos
13 Frieman, J. Hombre Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab - Estados Unidos
UNIV CHICAGO - Estados Unidos
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory - Estados Unidos
The Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics - Estados Unidos
14 McMahon, Richard Hombre UNIV CAMBRIDGE - Reino Unido
Institute of Astronomy - Reino Unido
University of Cambridge - Reino Unido
15 Marshall, P. Hombre Stanford Univ - Estados Unidos
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology - Estados Unidos
16 Melo, A. - TECH UNIV MUNICH - Alemania
Technische Universität München - Alemania
17 Motta, V. - Universidad de Valparaíso - Chile
18 Neira, Favio - Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL - Suiza
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Suiza
19 Sluse, Dominique - Univ Liege - Bélgica
Universite de Liege - Bélgica
20 Suyu, Sherry H. Mujer TECH UNIV MUNICH - Alemania
Max Planck Inst Astrophys - Alemania
Acad Sinica - Taiwán
Technische Universität München - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics - Taiwán
21 Treu, Tommaso Hombre UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES - Estados Unidos
University of California, Los Angeles - Estados Unidos
22 Agnello, A. Hombre Scitech Daresbury - Reino Unido
Univ Copenhagen - Dinamarca
STFC Hartree Centre - Reino Unido
Niels Bohr Institutet - Dinamarca
23 Avila, F. - Universidad de Valparaíso - Chile
24 Chan, J. - CUNY - Estados Unidos
AMER MUSEUM NAT HIST - Estados Unidos
Lehman College - Estados Unidos
American Museum of Natural History - Estados Unidos
25 Chijani, M. - Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello - Chile
26 ROJAS-PATUELLI, KARINA HORTENSIA Mujer Univ Portsmouth - Reino Unido
University of Portsmouth - Reino Unido
27 Hempel, Angela Mujer Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello - Chile
Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
28 Hempel, Maren Mujer Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello - Chile
Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
29 Kim, S. - Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
30 Eigenthaler, Paul Hombre Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
31 Lachaume, Regis Hombre Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
32 Rabus, M. - Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción - Chile

Muestra la afiliación y género (detectado) para los co-autores de la publicación.

Financiamiento



Fuente
National Science Foundation
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico
Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción
European Research Council
Millennium Science Initiative
Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
African Mathematics Millennium Science Initiative
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
European Space Agency
European Southern Observatory
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
Centro de Astrofisica de Valparaiso
Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie
Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium
University of California, Davis
ANID Fondecyt
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
ANID Millennium Science Initiative
ANID Basal Project
ANIDFONDECYT
Diabetes Patient Advocacy Coalition
ANID-FONDECYT Regular Project
European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme
European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme
SNSF (Swiss National Science Foundation)
UC Davis College of Letters and Sciences
Direccion de Investigacion of the Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion with the project DIREG
Thomas Henning

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
The access to the 2.2m telescope was made possible through an agreement with the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA): we would like to thank Thomas Henning, Hans-Walter Rix, and Roland Gredel for their help in making the agreement possible. We thank the European Southern Observatory (ESO) for accommodating the use of the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) amid the COVID-19 pandemic constraints. COSMOGRAIL is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (COSMICLENS: grant agreement No 787886). This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodovska-Curie grant agreement No 101105725. Paul Schechter generously allowed us to add his weekly-spaced points of J0924+0219 captured at the 2p2 to our time-delay estimation. The data analysis was made accessible by the Python ecosystem, relying heavily on libraries such as Numpy (Harris et al. 2020), Scipy (Virtanen et al. 2020), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), and Matplotlib (Hunter 2007). Gaia: This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. TA acknowledges support from ANID-FONDECYT Regular Project 1240105, ANID Millennium Science Initiative AIM23-0001 and ANID BASAL project FB210003. Support for MR is provided by the Direccion de Investigacion of the Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion with the project DIREG 10/2023. MM acknowledges support by the SNSF (Swiss National Science Foundation) through mobility grant P500PT_203114 and return CH grant P5R5PT_225598. CDF acknowledges support for this work from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-2407278 and the UC Davis College of Letters and Sciences. V.M. acknowledges support from ANID FONDECYT Regular grant number 1231418, Millennium Science Initiative, AIM23-0001, and Centro de Astrofisica de Valparaiso CIDI N21.
The access to the 2.2m telescope was made possible through an agreement with the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA): we would like to thank Thomas Henning, Hans-Walter Rix, and Roland Gredel for their help in making the agreement possible. We thank the European Southern Observatory (ESO) for accommodating the use of the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) amid the COVID-19 pandemic constraints. COSMOGRAIL is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (COSMICLENS: grant agreement No 787886). This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodovska-Curie grant agreement No 101105725. Paul Schechter generously allowed us to add his weekly-spaced points of J0924+0219 captured at the 2p2 to our time-delay estimation. The data analysis was made accessible by the Python ecosystem, relying heavily on libraries such as Numpy (Harris et al. 2020), Scipy (Virtanen et al. 2020), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), and Matplotlib (Hunter 2007). Gaia: This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www. cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. TA acknowledges support from ANIDFONDECYT Regular Project 1240105, ANID Millennium Science Initiative AIM23-0001 and ANID BASAL project FB210003. Support for MR is provided by the Direcci\u00F3n de Investigaci\u00F3n of the Universidad Cat\u00F3lica de la Sant\u00EDsima Concepci\u00F3n with the project DIREG 10/2023. MM acknowledges support by the SNSF (Swiss National Science Foundation) through mobility grant P500PT-203114 and return CH grant P5R5PT-225598. CDF acknowledges support for this work from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-2407278 and the UC Davis College of Letters and Sciences. V.M. acknowledges support from ANID FONDECYT Regular grant number 1231418, Millennium Science Initiative, AIM23-0001, and Centro de Astrof\u00EDsica de Valpara\u00EDso CIDI N21.
The access to the 2.2m telescope was made possible through an agreement with the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA): we would like to thank Thomas Henning, Hans-Walter Rix, and Roland Gredel for their help in making the agreement possible. We thank the European Southern Observatory (ESO) for accommodating the use of the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) amid the COVID-19 pandemic constraints. COSMOGRAIL is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (COSMICLENS: grant agreement No 787886). This project has received funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodovska-Curie grant agreement No 101105725. Paul Schechter generously allowed us to add his weekly-spaced points of J0924+0219 captured at the 2p2 to our time-delay estimation. The data analysis was made accessible by the Python ecosystem, relying heavily on libraries such as Numpy (Harris et al. 2020), Scipy (Virtanen et al. 2020), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), and Matplotlib (Hunter 2007). Gaia: This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia ( https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia ), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium ). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. TA acknowledges support from ANID-FONDECYT Regular Project 1240105, ANID Millennium Science Initiative AIM23-0001 and ANID BASAL project FB210003. Support for MR is provided by the Direcci\u00F3n de Investigaci\u00F3n of the Universidad Cat\u00F3lica de la Sant\u00EDsima Concepci\u00F3n with the project DIREG 10/2023. MM acknowledges support by the SNSF (Swiss National Science Foundation) through mobility grant P500PT_203114 and return CH grant P5R5PT_225598. CDF acknowledges support for this work from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-2407278 and the UC Davis College of Letters and Sciences. V.M. acknowledges support from ANID FONDECYT Regular grant number 1231418, Millennium Science Initiative, AIM23-0001, and Centro de Astrof\u00EDsica de Valpara\u00EDso CIDI N21.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.