Dataciencia

Colección SciELO Chile

Questioning the Concepts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Industry 4.0 When Describing Modernization as a Sequential Framework

Indexado

WoS	WOS:001496856100001
Scopus	SCOPUS_ID:105006777018

DOI

10.3390/SU17104531

Año

2025

Tipo

artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras

Abstract

This study analyzes existing concepts used to describe process modernization, including industrial revolutions and Industry 3.0, Industry 4.0, and Industry 5.0, here collectively referred to as the Sequential Industrial Modernization Framework. A simple industrial scenario was considered to evaluate whether current conceptual foundations could answer key questions regarding process classification and technological definitions. Surprisingly, the findings revealed that the industrial revolutions and Industry 3.0, Industry 4.0, and Industry 5.0 concepts fail to provide consistent answers, as different authors assign varying dates and technologies to each stage without offering clear definitions and explanations. These results highlight the need to critically reassess and improve the theoretical foundations to enhance the internal coherence, reproducibility, and applicability of the concepts in the scientific literature to describe modernization.

Revista

Revista	ISSN
Sustainability	2071-1050

Métricas Externas

PlumX	Altmetric	Dimensions

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Dimensions: https://www.dimensions.ai/why-dimensions/

Disciplinas de Investigación

WOS
Environmental Sciences
Environmental Studies
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Scopus
Sin Disciplinas

SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional

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Autores - Afiliación

Ord.	Autor	Género	Institución - País
1	Alarcon, Sofia	-	Universidad Católica de Temuco - Chile
2	Alarcon, Claudio	-	Universidad de La Frontera - Chile

Muestra la afiliación y género (detectado) para los co-autores de la publicación.

Financiamiento

Fuente
Ministry of Science and Technology
Industry 4.0 devices"
Automated Brew, Industry 4.0 devices

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Agradecimientos

Agradecimiento
Project ANID Fondef VIU23P0092 "Automated Brew, Industry 4.0 devices".
This research is based on the cases found when executing project \u201CANID Fondef VIU23P0092 Automated Brew\u201D, which focused on applying Industry 4.0 technologies in breweries. The project was developed and executed between 2023 and 2025, specifically in Temuco, Chile, with funding from the Chilean Ministry of Science and Technology. The objective of the project was to design and validate a system integrating hardware and software to modernize beer production, incorporating IoT devices, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence. The system developed introduced a web platform that could detect variations in controlled variables, classify them, and estimate, through algorithms, the effect of the variation on the product. This web platform was accessed using computers and smartphones and allows for obtaining a brief report about the process. During the execution of the project, an evaluation tool was required to assess process modernization before and after the implementation of new technologies, using the Industry 4.0 framework. While measuring the improvements in modernization, simple yet fundamental questions emerged, which ultimately proved difficult to answer using Industry 4.0-related concepts.

Agradecimiento

Project ANID Fondef VIU23P0092 "Automated Brew, Industry 4.0 devices".

This research is based on the cases found when executing project \u201CANID Fondef VIU23P0092 Automated Brew\u201D, which focused on applying Industry 4.0 technologies in breweries. The project was developed and executed between 2023 and 2025, specifically in Temuco, Chile, with funding from the Chilean Ministry of Science and Technology. The objective of the project was to design and validate a system integrating hardware and software to modernize beer production, incorporating IoT devices, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence. The system developed introduced a web platform that could detect variations in controlled variables, classify them, and estimate, through algorithms, the effect of the variation on the product. This web platform was accessed using computers and smartphones and allows for obtaining a brief report about the process. During the execution of the project, an evaluation tool was required to assess process modernization before and after the implementation of new technologies, using the Industry 4.0 framework. While measuring the improvements in modernization, simple yet fundamental questions emerged, which ultimately proved difficult to answer using Industry 4.0-related concepts.