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Detection of an Orphan X-Ray Flare from a Blazar Candidate EP240709a with the Einstein Probe
Indexado
WoS WOS:001471681400001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:105003580997
DOI 10.3847/1538-4357/ADC301
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract


Blazars are often observed to flare across multiple wavelengths. Orphan flares from blazars have only been detected a few times, providing an opportunity to understand the structure of the jet in the accreting system. We report a remarkable orphan X-ray flare from a blazar candidate EP240709a, detected by the Einstein Probe (EP) in July 2024. The multiband spectral properties and variability support EP240709a as a high-energy peaked BL Lacertae-type object. The flux in 0.5-10 keV increased by at least 28 times to the value of low state in 2020, with no significant flaring detected in other bands during the same period. EP240709a exhibits the harder-when-brighter tendency in the X-ray band during the orphan flare, while its infrared-optical spectra are featureless. We employ one-zone and two-zone leptonic synchrotron self-Compton models to perform the spectral energy distribution fitting. Detecting this rare orphan flare shows the potential of EP in discovering peculiar activities from AGN in high-cadence X-ray sky surveys.

Revista


Revista ISSN
Astrophysical Journal 0004-637X

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Disciplinas de Investigación


WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional


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Autores - Afiliación


Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Liu, Mingjun - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
2 Zhang, Yijia - Tsinghua Univ - China
Tsinghua University - China
3 Wang, Yun - CASSACA - China
Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
4 Xue, Rui - Zhejiang Normal Univ - China
5 Buckley, David A. H. Hombre South African Astron Observ - República de Sudáfrica
UNIV CAPE TOWN - República de Sudáfrica
Univ Free State - República de Sudáfrica
South African Astronomical Observatory - República de Sudáfrica
University of Cape Town - República de Sudáfrica
University of the Free State - República de Sudáfrica
6 Howell, D. Andrew - Cumbres Observ - Estados Unidos
UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA - Estados Unidos
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc - Estados Unidos
University of California, Santa Barbara - Estados Unidos
7 Jin, Chichuan - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
8 Li, Wenxiong - CASSACA - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
9 Monageng, Itumeleng - South African Astron Observ - República de Sudáfrica
UNIV CAPE TOWN - República de Sudáfrica
South African Astronomical Observatory - República de Sudáfrica
University of Cape Town - República de Sudáfrica
10 Pan, Haiwu - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
11 Sun, Ning-Chen - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
Beijing Normal Univ - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
12 Tinyanont, Samaporn - Natl Astron Res Inst Thailand - Tailandia
National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand - Tailandia
13 Wang, Lingzhi - CASSACA - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy - Chile
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
14 Yuan, Weimin - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
15 Zhang, Wenjie - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
16 Andrews, Moira - Cumbres Observ - Estados Unidos
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc - Estados Unidos
17 Anutarawiramkul, Rungrit - Natl Astron Res Inst Thailand - Tailandia
National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand - Tailandia
18 Butpan, Pathompong - Natl Astron Res Inst Thailand - Tailandia
National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand - Tailandia
19 Chen, Yong - CASSACA - China
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
20 Cheng, Huaqing - CASSACA - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
21 Cui, Weiwei - CASSACA - China
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
22 Dai, Cui-Yuan - Nanjing Univ - China
Nanjing University - China
23 Dai, Lixin Mujer Univ Hong Kong - China
The University of Hong Kong - Hong Kong
24 Farah, Joseph R. Hombre UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA - Estados Unidos
Cumbres Observ - Estados Unidos
University of California, Santa Barbara - Estados Unidos
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc - Estados Unidos
25 Feng, Hua - CASSACA - China
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
26 Fu, Shaoyu - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
27 Guo, Zhen - Universidad de Valparaíso - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
28 Jia, Shumei - CASSACA - China
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
29 Jiang, Shuaiqing - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
30 Li, An - Beijing Normal Univ - China
CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
31 Li, Chengkui - CASSACA - China
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
32 Li, Dongyue - CASSACA - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
33 Li, An - Beijing Normal Univ - China
CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
34 Liang, Yifang - CASSACA - China
Univ Sci & Technol China - China
Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Science and Technology of China - China
35 Liu, Heyang - CASSACA - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
36 Liu, Xing - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
37 Liu, Yuan - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
38 Mao, Jirong - CASSACA - China
Yunnan Observatories - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
39 McCully, Curtis Hombre Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc - Estados Unidos
University of California, Santa Barbara - Estados Unidos
40 Newsome, M. Mujer Cumbres Observ - Estados Unidos
UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA - Estados Unidos
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc - Estados Unidos
University of California, Santa Barbara - Estados Unidos
41 Padilla Gonzalez, Estefania - Space Telescope Sci Inst - Estados Unidos
Space Telescope Science Institute - Estados Unidos
42 Pan, Xin - CASSACA - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
43 Sun, Xinxiang - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
44 Terreran, Giacomo - Adler Planetarium - Estados Unidos
45 Wang, Ze-Rui - Qilu Normal Univ - China
Qilu Normal University - China
46 Wu, Qinyu - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
47 Xiao, Hubing - Shanghai Normal Univ - China
48 Xiong, Dingrong - CASSACA - China
Yunnan Observatories - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
49 Xu, D. - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
50 Xu, Xinpeng - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
51 Xue, Suijian - CASSACA - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
52 Yang, Haonan - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys - Alemania
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics - Alemania
53 Yang, Jun - Nanjing Univ - China
Nanjing University - China
54 Zhang, Jin - Beijing Inst Technol - China
School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology - China
55 Zhang, Wenda - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
56 Zhang, Wenjie - CASSACA - China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
57 Zou, Hu - CASSACA - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China

Muestra la afiliación y género (detectado) para los co-autores de la publicación.

Financiamiento


Fuente
National Natural Science Foundation of China
National Key R&D Program of China
China Scholarship Council
National Key Research and Development Program of China
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
Chinese Academy of Sciences
NSFC
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
Millennium Science Initiative
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
CNES
European Space Agency
Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy
Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales
CAS Light of West China Program
MPE
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
ANID Fondecyt
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent
ANID FONDECYT Postdoctoral program
Postdoctoral Fellowship Program
Yunnan Province Youth Top Talent Project
Strategic Priority Program on Space Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences
General Fund
Strategic Priority Program on Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chinese Virtual Observatory - NSFC
China National Astronomical Data Center

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos


Agradecimiento
This work is based on the data obtained with the Einstein Probe, a space mission supported by the Strategic Priority Program on Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with ESA, MPE, and CNES (grant Nos. XDA15310000 and XDA15052100). C.C.J. is supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant No. XDB0550200) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC; grant No. 12473016). W.X.L, S.J.X., and H.Z. acknowledge the support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant Nos. XDB0550100 and XDB0550000), National Key R&D Program of China (grant Nos. 2023YFA1607804, 2022YFA1602902, and 2023YFA1608100), and NSFC (grant Nos. 12120101003, 12373010, and 12233008). L.Z.W. is sponsored (in part) by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) through a grant to the CAS South America Center for Astronomy (CASSACA). Z.G. is supported by the ANID FONDECYT Postdoctoral program (No. 3220029). D.R.X. is supported by the NSFC (grant No. 12473020), Yunnan Province Youth Top Talent Project (YNWR-QNBJ-2020-116), and the CAS Light of West China Program. H.Q.C. is supported by NSFC (grant No. 12203071). H.Y.L. is supported by NSFC (grant No. 12103061). Y.W. is supported by the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent (grant No. 2024ZB110), the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program (grant No. GZC20241916), and the General Fund (grant No. 2024M763531) of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation. H.N.Y. is supported by the China Scholarship Council (No. 202310740002). R.X. acknowledges the support by the NSFC under grant No. 12203043. We acknowledge the data resources and technical support provided by the China National Astronomical Data Center, the Astronomical Science Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Chinese Virtual Observatory. This work was funded by NSFC (grant No. 12433005) and ANID, Millennium Science Initiative, AIM23-0001.
This work is based on the data obtained with the Einstein Probe, a space mission supported by the Strategic Priority Program on Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with ESA, MPE, and CNES (grant Nos. XDA15310000 and XDA15052100). C.C.J. is supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant No. XDB0550200) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC; grant No. 12473016). W.X.L, S.J.X., and H.Z. acknowledge the support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant Nos. XDB0550100 and XDB0550000), National Key R&D Program of China (grant Nos. 2023YFA1607804, 2022YFA1602902, and 2023YFA1608100), and NSFC (grant Nos. 12120101003, 12373010, and 12233008). L.Z.W. is sponsored (in part) by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) through a grant to the CAS South America Center for Astronomy (CASSACA). Z.G. is supported by the ANID FONDECYT Postdoctoral program (No. 3220029). D.R.X. is supported by the NSFC (grant No. 12473020), Yunnan Province Youth Top Talent Project (YNWR-QNBJ-2020-116), and the CAS Light of West China Program. H.Q.C. is supported by NSFC (grant No. 12203071). H.Y.L. is supported by NSFC (grant No. 12103061). Y.W. is supported by the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent (grant No. 2024ZB110), the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program (grant No. GZC20241916), and the General Fund (grant No. 2024M763531) of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation. H.N.Y. is supported by the China Scholarship Council (No. 202310740002). R.X. acknowledges the support by the NSFC under grant No. 12203043. We acknowledge the data resources and technical support provided by the China National Astronomical Data Center, the Astronomical Science Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Chinese Virtual Observatory. This work was funded by NSFC (grant No. 12433005) and ANID, Millennium Science Initiative, AIM23-0001.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.










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