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Evidence of star cluster migration and merger in dwarf galaxies
Indexado
WoS WOS:001462549700001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:105002174941
DOI 10.1038/S41586-025-08783-9
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) are the densest stellar systems in the Universe. These clusters can be found at the centre of all galaxy types but tend to favour galaxies of intermediate stellar mass around 109M circle dot (refs. 1,2). At present, two main processes are under debate to explain their formation: in situ star formation from gas infall3 and migration and merging of globular clusters (GCs) caused by dynamical friction4. Studies5, 6, 7, 8-9 of NSC stellar populations suggest that the former predominates in massive galaxies, whereas the latter prevails in dwarf galaxies, and both contribute equally at intermediate mass. However, until now, no ongoing merger of GCs has been observed to confirm this scenario. Here we report the serendipitous discovery of five dwarf galaxies with complex nuclear regions, characterized by multiple nuclei and tidal tails, using high-resolution images from the Hubble Space Telescope. These structures have been reproduced in complementary N-body simulations, supporting the interpretation that they result from migrating and merging of star clusters. The small detection rate and short simulated timescales (below 100 Myr) of this process may explain why this has not been observed previously. This study highlights the need for large surveys with high resolution to fully map the migration scenario steps.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Nature 0028-0836

Métricas Externas



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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Poulain, Melina - Univ Oulu - Finlandia
Oulun Yliopisto - Finlandia
2 Smith, Rory - Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María - Chile
3 Duc, P. -A. Hombre Univ Strasbourg - Francia
Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg - Francia
4 Marleau, Francine R. - Univ Innsbruck - Austria
Universität Innsbruck - Austria
5 Habas, Rebecca - INAF Astron Observ Abruzzo - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
6 Durrell, Patrick R. - Youngstown State Univ - Estados Unidos
7 Fensch, Jeremy - Univ Lyon - Francia
Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - Francia
8 Lim, Sungsoon - Yonsei Univ - Corea del Sur
Yonsei University - Corea del Sur
9 Muller, Oliver - Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL - Suiza
Inst Astron - Reino Unido
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Suiza
Institute of Astronomy - Reino Unido
Clare Hall Cambridge - Reino Unido
10 Paudel, Sanjaya - Yonsei Univ - Corea del Sur
Yonsei University - Corea del Sur
11 Sanchez-Janssen, Ruben Hombre UK Astron Technol Ctr - Reino Unido
Royal Observatory - Reino Unido

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Financiamiento



Fuente
National Research Foundation of Korea
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico
NASA
Swiss National Science Foundation
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
STScI under NASA
Space Telescope Science Institute
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
European Space Agency
Academy of Finland
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica
International Space Science Institute
MSIT
Oulun Yliopisto
Research Council of Finland
International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, through ISSI International Team project
FONDECYT Regular 2023 project
Sejong Science Fellowship Program by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIT)
Italian INAF large grant
Mid-career Researcher Program

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
This research is based on observations from the NASA/ESA HST obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for programme nos. GO-16257 and GO-16711 was provided through a grant from the STScI under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This research was supported by the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, through ISSI International Team project no. 534. M.P. is supported by the Academy of Finland grant no. 347089. O.M. is grateful to the Swiss National Science Foundation for financial support under the grant no. PZ00P2_202104. P.R.D. acknowledges support from grant HST-GO-16257.002-A. S.P. acknowledges support from the Mid-career Researcher Program (no. RS-2023-00208957). S.L. acknowledges the support from the Sejong Science Fellowship Program by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (no. NRF-2021R1C1C2006790). R.H. acknowledges funding from the Italian INAF large grant 12-2022. R.S. acknowledges financial support from FONDECYT Regular 2023 project no. 1230441 and also acknowledges financial support from ANID-MILENIO-NCN2024_112.
This research is based on observations from the NASA/ESA HST obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for programme nos. GO-16257 and GO-16711 was provided through a grant from the STScI under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This research was supported by the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, through ISSI International Team project no. 534. M.P. is supported by the Academy of Finland grant no. 347089. O.M. is grateful to the Swiss National Science Foundation for financial support under the grant no. PZ00P2_202104. P.R.D. acknowledges support from grant HST-GO-16257.002-A. S.P. acknowledges support from the Mid-career Researcher Program (no. RS-2023-00208957). S.L. acknowledges the support from the Sejong Science Fellowship Program by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (no. NRF-2021R1C1C2006790). R.H. acknowledges funding from the Italian INAF large grant 12-2022. R.S. acknowledges financial support from FONDECYT Regular 2023 project no. 1230441 and also acknowledges financial support from ANID-MILENIO-NCN2024_112.
Open Access funding provided by University of Oulu (including Oulu University Hospital).

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