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Lake morphology and meteorological conditions impact stratification of saline lakes in the Atacama Desert
Indexado
WoS WOS:001488711200047
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:105004365955
DOI 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0321759
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Saline lakes exist in various morphologies within salar environments, occurring as ephemeral to persistent bodies of water despite evaporative conditions. Salar environments are often characterized by strong diurnal fluctuations in temperature, UV irradiation, and wind speed, however, the extent to which these meteorological conditions impact saline lakes with different morphological characteristics has yet to be investigated. Here, we evaluate the impacts of diurnal changes in wind speed and wind direction on lake water temperature, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, and stable isotope ratios of hydrogen (delta H-2), oxygen (delta O-18), and sulfur (delta S-34(SO4)) in two Na-Cl saline lakes in the Salar de Llamara (Atacama Desert, Northern Chile) with different morphologies. Results indicate that water masses in the relatively deeper (similar to 0.6 m) steep-sided lake with crystalline lake bottom remained stratified despite the nearly order of magnitude increase in diurnal wind speed, while waters in the relatively shallow (< 0.2 m), gently-sloping lake colonized by microbial mats were well-mixed. Conditions in the shallow, gently-sloping lake were heterogeneous, with diurnal variations approximating 15.6% and 23.9% of known seasonal ranges in temperature and electrical conductivity, respectively. Consequently, the chemistry of shallow, gently-sloping saline lake environments is dynamic on diurnal time scales, indicating that resident microbial communities tolerate a greater range in environmental conditions than previously appreciated. Results suggest that the impacts of diurnal changes in meteorological conditions on saline lake stratification depend on lake morphology, an observation with implications for patterns of mineral deposition in salar environments.

Revista



Revista ISSN
P Lo S One 1932-6203

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Biology
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Kong, Tianshu - UNIV MIAMI - Estados Unidos
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science - Estados Unidos
2 Reid, R. Pamela - UNIV MIAMI - Estados Unidos
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science - Estados Unidos
3 Suosaari, Erica P. P. Mujer Smithsonian Inst - Estados Unidos
Smithsonian Institution - Estados Unidos
4 Maizel, Daniela - UNIV MIAMI - Estados Unidos
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science - Estados Unidos
5 Daza, Luis R. - Fisioaqua - Chile
6 PALMA-BEHNKE, ALVARO TOMAS CARLOS Hombre Fisioaqua - Chile
7 Oehlert, A. M. Mujer UNIV MIAMI - Estados Unidos
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science - Estados Unidos

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Financiamiento



Fuente
University of Miami
SQM
FisioAqua in Santiago

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
Funding for this study was provided by SQM. SQM was not involved in study design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; or writing of the paper. SQM approved submission of this manuscript.
Funding for this study was provided by SQM. SQM was not involved in study design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; or writing of the paper. SQM approved submission of this manuscript. The authors are grateful for the constructive and helpful feedback provided by two anonymous reviewers which improved this manuscript. The authors wish to express their gratitude for colleagues at FisioAqua in Santiago, Chile, including Loreto Torreblanca and Kevin Coloma for their support in the laboratory, and Peter Swart at the Stable Isotope Laboratory at the University of Miami for analysis of stable hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen isotope values of the water samples. Sam Purkis is acknowledged for early advice on surface interpolation for figure preparation. We also acknowledge Rodrigo Vera, Luis Tobar, Sandra Araya, Ismael Aracena, Mario Vargas, and Francisco Qui\u00F1ones for logistical support.

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