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Circulation and Spillover of pdmH1N1 Influenza A Virus at an Educational Swine Farm in Chile, 2019–2023
Indexado
WoS WOS:001496519500001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:105006704258
DOI 10.3390/V17050635
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Educational farms provide students with hands-on experience in agricultural and animal practices. However, the close contact between humans and farm animals creates a significant interface for zoonotic disease transmission, yet research on infectious diseases in such settings remains limited. This study investigates the ongoing spillovers of human-origin influenza A virus (IAV) into swine at an educational farm in central Chile, describing IAV prevalence, outbreak dynamics, and the genomic characterization of detected strains. The Menesianos educational farm, located in Melipilla, central Chile, houses approximately 40 swine alongside other domestic animals, such as horses and cows. As part of an active IAV surveillance project, monthly nasal swab samples were collected from pigs between June 2019 and September 2023 for IAV detection via RT-qPCR targeting the M gene, with positive samples subsequently sequenced. During the study period, monthly IAV prevalence ranged from 0% to 52.5%, with a notable outbreak detected between May and June 2023. The outbreak lasted 5 weeks, peaking at 52.5% prevalence during week 3. Nine IAV strains were isolated over the study period, eight of which were obtained during weeks 2 and 3 of the outbreak. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all strains were closely related to the pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus, with the closest related strains being those circulating in humans in Chile during the same years. These findings highlight the importance of conducting regular IAV surveillance on educational farms, where close interactions between animals and individuals-particularly children and young people-can facilitate viral spillovers and potential reverse zoonosis events.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Viruses Basel 1999-4915

Métricas Externas



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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Virology
Scopus
Infectious Diseases
Virology
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Ruiz, Soledad - Universidad Santo Tomás - Chile
2 Diaz-Gavidia, Constanza - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
3 Gonzalez, Maria Antonieta - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
4 GALDAMES-ALARCON, PABLO IGNACIO Hombre Universidad de Chile - Chile
5 Oyarzun, Cristobal - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Universidad de Chile - Chile
6 Baumberger, Cecilia Mujer Universidad de Chile - Chile
7 ROJAS-GUTIERREZ, CAMILA Mujer Universidad de Chile - Chile
8 Hamilton-West, Christopher - Universidad de Chile - Chile
9 Sharp, Bridgett Mujer St Jude Childrens Res Hosp - Estados Unidos
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital - Estados Unidos
10 Tan, Shaoyuan - St Jude Childrens Res Hosp - Estados Unidos
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital - Estados Unidos
11 Schultz-Cherry, Stacey Mujer St Jude Childrens Res Hosp - Estados Unidos
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital - Estados Unidos
12 Jimenez-Bluhm, Pedro - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile

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Financiamiento



Fuente
FONDECYT
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
This research project was financed by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant CEIRR 75N93021C00016 to S.S.-C. and Fondecyt grant 1241662 to P.J.-B.
This research project was financed by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant CEIRR 75N93021C00016 to S.S.-C. and Fondecyt grant 1241662 to P.J.-B.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.