The digital transformation, accelerated by COVID-19, has impacted higher education, forcing universities to adapt training models, methods, and strategies to take advantage of technological resources and align students' skills with the new demands of the labor market. This article aims to recognize which strategies universities use to acquire those skills demanded by Industry 4.0 and which factors determine success in their implementation. We used an exploratory literature review protocol based on the PICO methodology, consulting the Scopus database. The results show the implementation of various strategies that use technological tools to develop emerging skills in teachers and students. Future work could consider the impact of disruptive technologies, such as the metaverse or artificial intelligence, on higher education or recognize what changes have been introduced in secondary education in the 4.0 era.