The analysis of energy prices is one of the most important topics of research on energy transitions. Their importance is due to the impact they may have in encouraging or delaying such processes. This research analyzes the influence of energy prices on the Chilean energy transitions between 1841 and 1970. We argue that, during the 19th century, energy prices favored the energy transition and the modernization of the economy; while, during the 20th century, the same prices delayed the transition, and slowed down the modernization of the economy. Energy prices were strongly influenced by the endowment of energy resources and by economic policies. This research offers the first series of energy prices in Chile, which includes firewood, coal (domestic and imported), oil, natural gas and electricity, for almost 130 years of history.