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Looking into the faintEst WIth MUSE (LEWIS): Exploring the nature of ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Hydra-I cluster II. Stellar kinematics and dynamical masses
Indexado
WoS WOS:001425521700028
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85218409467
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/202452915
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Context. This paper focuses on a class of galaxies characterised by an extremely low surface brightness: ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs). We used new integral-field (IF) spectroscopic data, obtained with the ESO Large Programme Looking into the faintEst WIth MUSE (LEWIS). It provides the first homogeneous IF spectroscopic survey performed by MUSE at the Very Large Telescope of a complete sample of UDGs and low-surface-brightness galaxies within a virial radius of 0.4 in the Hydra I cluster, according to the UDG abundance-halo mass relation. Aims. Our main goals are addressing the possible formation channels for this class of objects and investigating possible correlations of their observational properties, including the stacked (1D) and spatially resolved (2D) stellar kinematics. In particular, we derive the stellar velocity dispersion from the stacked spectrum integrated within the effective radius (sigma(eff)) and measure the velocity map of the galaxies in LEWIS. These quantities are used to estimate their dynamical mass (M-dyn). Methods. We extracted the 1D stacked spectrum inside the effective radius (R-eff), which guarantees a high signal-to-noise ratio, to obtain an unbiased measure of sigma(eff). To derive the spatially resolved stellar kinematics, we first applied the Voronoi tessellation algorithm to bin the spaxels in the datacube, and then we derived the stellar kinematics in each bin, following the same prescription as adopted for the 1D case. We extracted the velocity profiles along the galaxy major and minor axes and measured the semi-amplitude (Delta V) of the velocity curve. Results. We found that 7 out of 18 UDGs in LEWIS show a mild rotation (Delta V similar to 25 - 40 km s(-1)), 5 lack evidence of any rotation, and the remaining 6 UDGs are unconstrained cases. This is the first large census of velocity profiles for UDGs. The UDGs in LEWIS are characterised by low values of sigma(eff) (<= 30 km s(-1)) on average, which is comparable with available values from the literature. Two objects show higher values of sigma eff (similar to 30 - 40 km s(-1)). These higher values might reasonably be due to the fast rotation observed in these galaxies, which affects the values of sigma eff. In the Faber-Jackson relation plane, we found a group of UDGs consistent with the relation within the error bars. Outliers of the Faber-Jackson relation are objects with a non-negligible rotation component. The UDGs and LSB galaxies in the LEWIS sample have a larger dark matter (DM) content on average than dwarf galaxies (M-dyn/L-V,L- eff similar to 10 - 100 M-circle dot/L-circle dot) with a similar total luminosity. We do not find clear correlations between the derived structural properties and the local environment. Conclusions. By mapping the stellar kinematics for a homogenous sample of UDGs in a cluster environment, we found a significant rotation for many galaxies. Therefore, two classes of UDGs are found in the Hydra I cluster based on the stellar kinematics: rotating and non-rotating systems. This result, combined with the DM content and the upcoming analysis of the star formation history and globular cluster population, can help us to distinguish between the several formation scenarios proposed for UDGs.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Astronomy & Astrophysics 0004-6361

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Buttitta, Chiara - INAF Astron Observ Capodimonte - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
2 Iodice, Enrichetta - INAF Astron Observ Capodimonte - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
3 Doll, Goran - INAF Astron Observ Capodimonte - Italia
Univ Naples Federico II - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II - Italia
4 Hartke, Johanna - Univ Turku - Finlandia
Turun yliopisto - Finlandia
Tuorlan observatorio - Finlandia
5 Hilker, Michael - European Southern Observ - Alemania
European Southern Observ - Chile
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Alemania
6 Forbes, Duncan A. - Swinburne Univ Technol - Australia
Swinburne University of Technology - Australia
7 Corsini, Enrico M. - INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova - Italia
Univ Padua - Italia
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova - Italia
Università degli Studi di Padova - Italia
8 Rossi, Luca - INAF Astron Observ Capodimonte - Italia
Univ Naples Federico II - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II - Italia
9 Arnaboldi, Magda - European Southern Observ - Alemania
European Southern Observ - Chile
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Alemania
10 Cantiello, M. Mujer INAF Astron Observ Abruzzo - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
11 D'Ago, Giuseppe - UNIV CAMBRIDGE - Reino Unido
11 D’Ago, Giuseppe - Institute of Astronomy - Reino Unido
12 Falcon-Barroso, Jesus - Inst Astrofis Canarias - España
UNIV LA LAGUNA - España
Instituto Astrofisico de Canarias - España
Universidad de La Laguna - España
13 Gullieuszik, Marco - INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova - Italia
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova - Italia
14 Marca, Antonio La - SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res - Países Bajos
Univ Groningen - Países Bajos
SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research - Países Bajos
Kapteyn Instituut - Países Bajos
14 Marca, Antonio La - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research - Países Bajos
Kapteyn Instituut - Países Bajos
SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res - Países Bajos
Univ Groningen - Países Bajos
15 Mieske, Steffen - European Southern Observ - Chile
European Southern Observatory Santiago - Chile
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Chile
16 Mirabile, Marco - European Southern Observ - Alemania
INAF Astron Observ Abruzzo - Italia
Gran Sasso Sci Inst - Italia
European Southern Observ - Chile
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
Gran Sasso Science Institute - Italia
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Alemania
17 Paolillo, Maurizio - INAF Astron Observ Capodimonte - Italia
Univ Naples Federico II - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II - Italia
18 Rejkuba, Marina - European Southern Observ - Alemania
European Southern Observ - Chile
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Alemania
19 Spavone, Marilena - INAF Astron Observ Capodimonte - Italia
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
20 Spiniello, Chiara - INAF Astron Observ Capodimonte - Italia
UNIV OXFORD - Reino Unido
Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica, Rome - Italia
University of Oxford - Reino Unido
21 Sarzi, M. Hombre Armagh Observ & Planetarium - Reino Unido
Armagh Observatory - Reino Unido

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Financiamiento



Fuente
Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
INAF
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca
European Southern Observatory under ESO programmes
ARC
Academy of Finland
Padua University
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica
Università degli Studi di Padova
MIUR grant
Amaldi Research Center
NumPy
CSC – IT Center for Science
Research Council of Finland
UKRI-STFC
INAF GO
Italian Ministry for Education University and Research (MIUR) grant
Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA)
ZAP
PHOTUTILS

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
We wish to thank the anonymous Referee whose comments helped us to improve the clarity of the manuscript. Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programmes 108.222P.001, 108.222P.002, 108.222P.003. The authors wish to thank L. Buzzo, L. Coccato, V. Debattista, E. Emsellem, A. Ferre-Mateu, J. Gannon, L. Greggio, F. Marleau, O. Muller, T. Puzia, R. Rampazzo for the useful comments and discussions on the work presented in this paper. E.I. acknowledges support by the INAF GO funding grant 2022-2023. E.I., E.M.C. and M.P. acknowledge the support by the Italian Ministry for Education University and Research (MIUR) grant PRIN 2022 2022383WFT "SUNRISE", CUP C53D23000850006. J.H. and E.I. acknowledge the financial support from the visitor and mobility programme of the Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), funded by the Academy of Finland grant nr 306531. J.H. wishes to acknowledge CSC-IT Center for Science, Finland, for computational resources. E.M.C. acknowledges the support from MIUR grant PRIN 2017 20173ML3WW-001 and Padua University grants DOR 2021-2023. G.D. acknowledges support by UKRI-STFC grants: ST/T003081/1 and ST/X001857/1. D.F. thanks the ARC for support via DP220101863 and DP200102574. J.F-B. acknowledges support from the PID2022-140869NB-I00 grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. This work is based on the funding from the INAF through the GO large grant in 2022, to support the LEWIS data reduction and analysis (PI E. Iodice). The authors thank Gannon et al. (2024) for the compilation of their catalogue of UDG spectroscopic properties. The catalogue includes data from: McConnachie (2012), van Dokkum et al. (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019), Beasley et al. (2016), Martin et al. (2016, 2019), Yagi et al. (2016), Martinez-Delgado et al. (2016), Karachentsev et al. (2017), Toloba et al. (2018, 2023), Gu et al. (2018), Lim et al. (2018, Lim et al. (2020, Ruiz-Lara et al. (2018), Alabi et al. (2018), Ferre-Mateu et al. (2018), Ferre-Mateu et al. (2023), Forbes et al. (2018, 2021), Chilingarian et al. (2019), Fensch et al. (2019), Danieli et al. (2019), 2022), Torrealba et al. (2019), Iodice et al. (2020a), Collins et al. (2020), Mueller et al. (2020, 2021), Gannon et al. (2020, 2021, 2022, 2023), Shen et al. (2021, 2023), Ji et al. (2021), Huang & Koposov (2021), Mihos et al. (2022), Villaume et al. (2022), Webb et al. (2022), Saifollahi et al. (2022), Janssens et al. (2022). The authors acknowledge the use of the following Python scripts: ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), MPDAF (Bacon et al. 2016), NUMPY (van der Walt et al. 2011), PHOTUTILS (Bradley et al. 2023), SCIPY (Virtanen et al. 2020), and ZAP (Soto et al. 2016).
We wish to thank the anonymous Referee whose comments helped us to improve the clarity of the manuscript. Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programmes 108.222P.001, 108.222P.002, 108.222P.003. The authors wish to thank L. Buzzo, L. Coccato, V. Debattista, E. Emsellem, A. Ferre-Mateu, J. Gannon, L. Greggio, F. Marleau, O. Muller, T. Puzia, R. Rampazzo for the useful comments and discussions on the work presented in this paper. E.I. acknowledges support by the INAF GO funding grant 2022-2023. E.I., E.M.C. and M.P. acknowledge the support by the Italian Ministry for Education University and Research (MIUR) grant PRIN 2022 2022383WFT \u201CSUNRISE\u201D, CUP C53D23000850006. J.H. and E.I. acknowledge the financial support from the visitor and mobility programme of the Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), funded by the Academy of Finland grant nr 306531. J.H. wishes to acknowledge CSC-IT Center for Science, Finland, for computational resources. E.M.C. acknowledges the support from MIUR grant PRIN 2017 20173ML3WW-001 and Padua University grants DOR 2021-2023. G.D. acknowledges support by UKRI-STFC grants: ST/T003081/1 and ST/X001857/1. D.F. thanks the ARC for support via DP220101863 and DP200102574. J.F-B. acknowledges support from the PID2022-140869NB-I00 grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. This work is based on the funding from the INAF through the GO large grant in 2022, to support the LEWIS data reduction and analysis (PI E. Iodice). The authors thank Gannon et al. (2024) for the compilation of their catalogue of UDG spectroscopic properties. The catalogue includes data from: McConnachie (2012), van Dokkum et al. (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019), Beasley et al. (2016), Martin et al. (2016, 2019), Yagi et al. (2016), Mart\u00EDnez-Delgado et al. (2016), Karachentsev et al. (2017), Toloba et al. (2018, 2023), Gu et al. (2018), Lim et al. (2018, Lim et al. (2020, Ruiz-Lara et al. (2018), Alabi et al. (2018), Ferr\u00E9-Mateu et al. (2018), Ferr\u00E9-Mateu et al. (2023), Forbes et al. (2018, 2021), Chilingarian et al. (2019), Fensch et al. (2019), Danieli et al. (2019), 2022), Torrealba et al. (2019), Iodice et al. (2020a), Collins et al. (2020), M\u00FCller et al. (2020, 2021), Gannon et al. (2020, 2021, 2022, 2023), Shen et al. (2021, 2023), Ji et al. (2021), Huang & Koposov (2021), Mihos et al. (2022), Villaume et al. (2022), Webb et al. (2022), Saifollahi et al. (2022), Janssens et al. (2022). The authors acknowledge the use of the following Python scripts: ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), MPDAF (Bacon et al. 2016), NUMPY (van der Walt et al. 2011), PHOTUTILS (Bradley et al. 2023), SCIPY (Virtanen et al. 2020), and ZAP (Soto et al. 2016).
We wish to thank the anonymous Referee whose comments helped us to improve the clarity of the manuscript. Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programmes 108.222P.001, 108.222P.002, 108.222P.003. The authors wish to thank L. Buzzo, L. Coccato, V. Debattista, E. Emsellem, A. Ferre-Mateu, J. Gannon, L. Greggio, F. Marleau, O. Muller, T. Puzia, R. Rampazzo for the useful comments and discussions on the work presented in this paper. E.I. acknowledges support by the INAF GO funding grant 2022-2023. E.I., E.M.C. and M.P. acknowledge the support by the Italian Ministry for Education University and Research (MIUR) grant PRIN 2022 2022383WFT \u201CSUNRISE\u201D, CUP C53D23000850006. J.H. and E.I. acknowledge the financial support from the visitor and mobility programme of the Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), funded by the Academy of Finland grant nr 306531. J.H. wishes to acknowledge CSC-IT Center for Science, Finland, for computational resources. E.M.C. acknowledges the support from MIUR grant PRIN 2017 20173ML3WW-001 and Padua University grants DOR 2021-2023. G.D. acknowledges support by UKRI-STFC grants: ST/T003081/1 and ST/X001857/1. D.F. thanks the ARC for support via DP220101863 and DP200102574. J.F-B. acknowledges support from the PID2022-140869NB-I00 grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. This work is based on the funding from the INAF through the GO large grant in 2022, to support the LEWIS data reduction and analysis (PI E. Iodice). The authors thank Gannon et al. (2024) for the compilation of their catalogue of UDG spectroscopic properties. The catalogue includes data from: McConnachie (2012), van Dokkum et al. (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019), Beasley et al. (2016), Martin et al. (2016, 2019), Yagi et al. (2016), Mart\u00EDnez-Delgado et al. (2016), Karachentsev et al. (2017), Toloba et al. (2018, 2023), Gu et al. (2018), Lim et al. (2018, Lim et al. (2020, Ruiz-Lara et al. (2018), Alabi et al. (2018), Ferr\u00E9-Mateu et al. (2018), Ferr\u00E9-Mateu et al. (2023), Forbes et al. (2018, 2021), Chilingarian et al. (2019), Fensch et al. (2019), Danieli et al. (2019), 2022), Torrealba et al. (2019), Iodice et al. (2020a), Collins et al. (2020), M\u00FCller et al. (2020, 2021), Gannon et al. (2020, 2021, 2022, 2023), Shen et al. (2021, 2023), Ji et al. (2021), Huang & Koposov (2021), Mihos et al. (2022), Villaume et al. (2022), Webb et al. (2022), Saifollahi et al. (2022), Janssens et al. (2022). The authors acknowledge the use of the following Python scripts: ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), MPDAF (Bacon et al. 2016), NUMPY (van der Walt et al. 2011), PHOTUTILS (Bradley et al. 2023), SCIPY (Virtanen et al. 2020), and ZAP (Soto et al. 2016).

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.