These notes reflect on the literary representation of indigenous women in the epic poem Fourth and Fifth Part of The Araucaniad by Diego Santisteban Osorio, from 1597. his work is a sequel to Alonso de Ercilla's original poem, The Araucaniad, which continues and amends through 33 new songs that exalt the defeat and pain of the Mapuche people. All the indigenous women who participate in the narrative, Brancolda, gualda, guarponda and Hipalca, are active and passionate heroines who go to war to avenge their husbands killed in battle, as war martyrs, described from the literary models of the Latin classical tradition and the poetry of the Italian Renaissance.