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A 22 yr Cycle of the Network Topology of Solar Active Regions
Indexado
WoS WOS:001409831200001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85216885644
DOI 10.3847/1538-4357/ADA60E
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



In this paper, solar cycles 21-24 were compared using complex network analysis. A network was constructed for these four solar cycles to facilitate the comparison. In these networks, the nodes represent the active regions of the Sun that emit flares, and the connections correspond to the sequence of solar flares over time. This resulted in a directed network with self-connections allowed. The model proposed by Abe and Suzuki for earthquake networks was followed. The incoming degree for each node was calculated, and the degree distribution was analyzed. It was found that for each solar cycle, the degree distribution follows a power law, indicating that solar flares tend to appear in correlated active zones rather than being evenly distributed. Additionally, a variation in the characteristic exponent gamma for each cycle was observed, with higher values in even cycles compared to odd cycles. A more detailed analysis was performed by constructing 11 yr networks and shifting them in 1 yr intervals. This revealed that the characteristic exponent shows a period of approximately 22 yr coincident with the Hale cycle, suggesting that the complex networks provide information about the solar magnetic activity.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Astrophysical Journal 0004-637X

Métricas Externas



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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Flandez, Eduardo - Universidad de Chile - Chile
CATHOLIC UNIV AMER - Estados Unidos
The Catholic University of America - Estados Unidos
2 Zamorano, Alejandro - Universidad de Chile - Chile
3 Munoz, Victor - Universidad de Chile - Chile

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Financiamiento



Fuente
FONDECYT
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Goddard Space Flight Center
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
ANID divided by Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientfico y Tecnolgico (FONDECYT)https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002850

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
This research was funded by FONDECyT grant No. 1242013 (V.M.), and supported by ANID PhD grant No. 21210996 (E.F.) and ANID PhD grant No. 21231335 (A.Z). We are grateful to SDO Data supplied courtesy of the SDO/HMI consortia. We also thank the Space Physics Data Facility, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center.
This research was funded by FONDECyT grant No. 1242013 (V.M.), and supported by ANID PhD grant No. 21210996 (E.F.) and ANID PhD grant No. 21231335 (A.Z). We are grateful to SDO Data supplied courtesy of the SDO/HMI consortia. We also thank the Space Physics Data Facility, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.