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ATOMS: ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of massive Star-forming regions - XX. Probability distribution function of integrated intensity for dense molecular gas tracers
Indexado
WoS WOS:001440264500001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:86000139960
DOI 10.1093/MNRAS/STAF176
Año 2025
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



We report the observations of J = 1-0 of HCN, HCO+, (HCO+)-C-13, and (HCN)-C-13, HC3N (J = 11-10) emission towards 135 massive star-forming clumps, as part of the ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-forming regions Survey. We present the integrated intensity probability distribution function (I-PDF) for these molecular tracers, modelled as a combination of a lognormal distribution and a power-law tail. The molecular line luminosities for the power-law tail segment, Lmol(p), have been calculated. We have investigated the correlation between the bolometric luminosity, L-bol, and the power-law part of the molecular line luminosity, L-mol(p). Our findings suggest that the scaling relationships between L-bol and L-mol(p) for HCN and HCO+ are sublinear, indicating that these molecules might not be the most effective tracers for the dense gas. In contrast, (HCN)-C-13 and HC3N exhibit a nearly linear relationship between L-bol and L(mol)l(p), indicating that they can well trace gravitationally bound dense gas. The ratios of L-bol-to-L-mol(p), serving as indicators of star formation efficiency (SFE) within massive star-forming clumps, exhibit a weak anticorrelation with the power-law index in the I-PDF. In addition, the SFE is also weakly anticorrelated with the exponent alpha of the corresponding equivalent density distribution. Our results implie that clumps with substantial gas accumulation may still display low star formation efficiencies.

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Zhang, C. - Taiyuan Normal Univ - China
Taiyuan Normal University - China
2 Liu, Tie - CASSACA - China
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
3 Jiao, Sihan - CASSACA - China
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
4 Zhu, Feng-Yao - Zhejiang Lab - China
4 Zhu, Feng Yao - Zhejiang Lab - China
5 Ren, Z. -Y. - CASSACA - China
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
6 Liu, H-L. - Yunnan Univ - China
Yunnan University - China
6 Liu, H. L. - Yunnan University - China
7 Wang, Ke - Peking Univ - China
Peking University - China
8 Wu, J-W. - Zhejiang Lab - China
CASSACA - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
8 Wu, J. W. - Zhejiang Lab - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
9 Dam, M. Hombre CASSACA - China
Tsinghua Univ - China
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
Tsinghua University - China
10 Garcia, P. - CASSACA - China
Universidad Católica del Norte - Chile
Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy - Chile
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
11 Garay, Guido - CASSACA - China
Universidad de Chile - Chile
Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy - Chile
Chinese Academy of Sciences - China
12 Bronfman, Leonardo - Universidad de Chile - Chile
13 Juvela, Mika - Univ Helsinki - Finlandia
Helsingin Yliopisto - Finlandia
14 Das, Swagat - Universidad de Chile - Chile
15 Lee, Chang-Won - Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst - Corea del Sur
Univ Sci & Technol Korea UST - Corea del Sur
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute - Corea del Sur
University of Science and Technology (UST) - Corea del Sur
16 Xu, Feng-Wei - Univ Cologne - Alemania
Peking Univ - China
Universität zu Köln - Alemania
Peking University - China
16 Xu, Feng Wei - Universität zu Köln - Alemania
Peking University - China
Univ Cologne - Alemania
17 Toth, L. - Eotvos Lorand Univ - Hungría
Univ Debrecen - Hungría
Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem - Hungría
Debreceni Egyetem - Hungría
18 Gorai, Prasanta - Univ Oslo - Noruega
Universitetet i Oslo - Noruega
19 Sanhueza, Patricio Hombre Inst Sci Tokyo - Japón
Natl Inst Nat Sci - Japón
Institute of Science Tokyo - Japón
National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Astronomical Observatory of Japan - Japón

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Financiamiento



Fuente
National Natural Science Foundation of China
National Key R&D Program of China
National Key Research and Development Program of China
National Research Foundation of Korea
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
Chinese Academy of Sciences
JSPS KAKENHI
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
FONDECYT postdoctoral fellowship
JSPS
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
MSIT
Basic Science Research Program through the NRF - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute - Korea government (MSIT)
Yunnan Fundamental Research Project
Research Council of Finland
Tianchi Talent Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Basic Research Program of Shanxi Provence
Yunnan Xingdian Talent Support Plan - Youth Project
Yunnan Xingdian Talent Support Plan

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
This work has been supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (no. 2022YFA1603100). ZC acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), through grants no. 12403028, the Basic Research Program of Shanxi Provence (202403021222272). TL acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), through grants nos 12073061 and 12122307, the Tianchi Talent Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the international partnership program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, through grant no. 114231KYSB20200009. SRD acknowledges support from the Fondecyt Postdoctoral fellowship (project code 3220162) and ANID BASAL project FB210003. H-LL is supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Project (grant nos 202301AT070118 and 202401AS070121), and by Yunnan Xingdian Talent Support Plan - Youth Project. DL is a new Cornerstone investigator. CWL is supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF - 2019R1A2C1010851) and by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIT; project no. 2024-1-841-00). SRD acknowledges support from the Fondecyt Postdoctoral fellowship (project code 3220162) and ANID BASAL project FB210003. LB gratefully acknowledges support by the ANID BASAL project FB210003. MJ acknowledges the support of the Research Council of Finland grant no 348342. KT was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (grant number JP20H05645). PS was partially supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI number JP22H01271 and JP23H01221) of JSPS.
This work has been supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (no. 2022YFA1603100). ZC acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), through grants no. 12403028, the Basic Research Program of Shanxi Provence (202403021222272). TL acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), through grants nos 12073061 and 12122307, the Tianchi Talent Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the international partnership program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, through grant no. 114231KYSB20200009. SRD acknowledges support from the Fondecyt Postdoctoral fellowship (project code 3220162) and ANID BASAL project FB210003. H-LL is supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Project (grant nos \u2009202301AT070118 and 202401AS070121), and by Yunnan Xingdian Talent Support Plan \u2013 Youth Project. DL is a new Cornerstone investigator. CWL is supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF \u2013 2019R1A2C1010851) and by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIT; project no. 2024-1-841-00). SRD acknowledges support from the Fondecyt Postdoctoral fellowship (project code 3220162) and ANID BASAL project FB210003. LB gratefully acknowledges support by the ANID BASAL project FB210003. MJ acknowledges the support of the Research Council of Finland grant no 348342. KT was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (grant number JP20H05645). PS was partially supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI number JP22H01271 and JP23H01221) of JSPS.
This work has been supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (no. 2022YFA1603100). ZC acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), through grants no. 12403028, the Basic Research Program of Shanxi Provence (202403021222272). TL acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), through grants nos 12073061 and 12122307, the Tianchi Talent Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the international partnership program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, through grant no. 114231KYSB20200009. SRD acknowledges support from the Fondecyt Postdoctoral fellowship (project code 3220162) and ANID BASAL project FB210003. H-LL is supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Project (grant nos \u2009202301AT070118 and 202401AS070121), and by Yunnan Xingdian Talent Support Plan \u2013 Youth Project. DL is a new Cornerstone investigator. CWL is supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF \u2013 2019R1A2C1010851) and by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIT; project no. 2024-1-841-00). SRD acknowledges support from the Fondecyt Postdoctoral fellowship (project code 3220162) and ANID BASAL project FB210003. LB gratefully acknowledges support by the ANID BASAL project FB210003. MJ acknowledges the support of the Research Council of Finland grant no 348342. KT was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (grant number JP20H05645). PS was partially supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI number JP22H01271 and JP23H01221) of JSPS.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.