This article focuses on the changes and transformations within the Catholic Church between the years 1930 and 1960, considered a conservative period. This sector of the Catholic world was confronted by the new progressive directions taken by the Church and the modernization of society, mainly in the context prior to the Second Vatican Council. The analysis is presented as a historical and exploratory journey of the changes and transformations that the Catholic world noticed prior to Vatican II. The main sources consulted correspond to the historian and theologian Maximiliano Salinas, Father Alberto Hurtado, and as secondary texts, specialized bibliography on the subject that collect the most important facts. Keywords: Catholic Church, conservatism, secularism, modernization