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Dynamical accretion flows ALMAGAL: Flows along filamentary structures in high-mass star-forming clusters
Indexado
WoS WOS:001352625400001
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/202449794
Año 2024
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Context. Investigating the flow of material along filamentary structures towards the central core can help provide insights into high-mass star formation and evolution. Aims. Our main motivation is to answer the question of what the properties of accretion flows are in star-forming clusters. We used data from the ALMA Evolutionary Study of High Mass Protocluster Formation in the Galaxy (ALMAGAL) survey to study 100 ALMAGAL regions at a similar to 1 '' resolution, located between similar to 2 and 6 kpc. Methods. Making use of the ALMAGAL similar to 1.3 mm line and continuum data, we estimated flow rates onto individual cores. We focus specifically on flow rates along filamentary structures associated with these cores. Our primary analysis is centered around position velocity cuts in H2CO (3(0, 3)-2(0, 2)), which allow us to measure the velocity fields surrounding these cores. Combining this work with column density estimates, we were able to derive the flow rates along the extended filamentary structures associated with cores in these regions. Results. We selected a sample of 100 ALMAGAL regions, covering four evolutionary stages from quiescent to protostellar, young stellar objects (YSOs), and HII regions (25 each). Using a dendrogram and line analysis, we identify a final sample of 182 cores in 87 regions. In this paper, we present 728 flow rates for our sample (4 per core), analysed in the context of evolutionary stage, distance from the core, and core mass. On average, for the whole sample, we derived flow rates on the order of similar to 10(-4) M-circle dot yr(-1) with estimated uncertainties of +/- 50%. We see increasing differences in the values among evolutionary stages, most notably between the less evolved (quiescent and protostellar) and more evolved (YSO and HII region) sources and we also see an increasing trend as we move further away from the centre of these cores. We also find a clear relationship between the calculated flow rates and core masses similar to M-2/3, which is in line with the result expected from the tidal-lobe accretion mechanism. The significance of these relationships is tested with Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney U tests. Conclusions. Overall, we see an increasing trend in the relationships between the flow rate and the three investigated parameters, namely: evolutionary stage, distance from the core, and core mass.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Astronomy & Astrophysics 0004-6361

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
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SciELO
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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Wells, M. R. A. - Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
2 Beuther, H. Hombre Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
3 Molinari, Sergio Hombre INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
4 Schilke, Peter Hombre Univ Cologne - Alemania
5 Battersby, C. Mujer Univ Connecticut - Estados Unidos
6 Ho, P. - Acad Sinica - Taiwán
East Asian Observ - Estados Unidos
7 Sanchez-Monge, Alvaro Hombre CSIC - España
Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya IEEC - España
8 Jones, B. - Univ Cologne - Alemania
9 Scheuck, M. B. - Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
10 Syed, J. - Max Planck Inst Astron - Alemania
11 Gieser, C. - Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys - Alemania
12 Kuiper, R. Hombre Univ Duisburg Essen - Alemania
13 Elia, Davide Hombre INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
14 Coletta, A. - INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
Univ Roma La Sapienza - Italia
15 Traficante, Alessio Hombre INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
16 Wallace, J. - Univ Connecticut - Estados Unidos
17 Rigby, Andrew Hombre UNIV LEEDS - Reino Unido
18 Klessen, R. Hombre Heidelberg Univ - Alemania
19 Zhang, Q. - Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys - Estados Unidos
20 Walch, Stefanie Mujer Univ Cologne - Alemania
21 Beltran, Maria T. Mujer INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico Arcetri - Italia
22 Tang, Y. - Acad Sinica - Taiwán
23 Fuller, Gary Hombre Univ Cologne - Alemania
UNIV MANCHESTER - Reino Unido
24 Lis, Dariusz C. Hombre CALTECH - Estados Unidos
25 Moeller, T. - Univ Cologne - Alemania
26 van der Tak, F. - SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res - Países Bajos
Univ Groningen - Países Bajos
27 Klaassen, Pamela D. Mujer Royal Observ Edinburgh - Reino Unido
28 Clarke, S. D. - Univ Cologne - Alemania
Acad Sinica - Taiwán
29 Moscadelli, L. - INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico Arcetri - Italia
30 Mininni, C. - INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
31 Zinnecker, H. - Universidad Autónoma de Chile - Chile
32 Maruccia, Y. - INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
33 Pezzuto, S. Hombre INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
34 Benedettini, M. - INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
35 Soler, J. Hombre INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
36 Brogan, C. L. - Natl Radio Astron Observ NRAO - Estados Unidos
37 Avison, A. Hombre UNIV MANCHESTER - Reino Unido
UK ALMA Reg Ctr Node - Reino Unido
Jodrell Bank - Reino Unido
38 Sanhueza, Patricio Hombre Natl Inst Nat Sci - Japón
SOKENDAI Grad Univ Adv Studies - Japón
39 Schisano, Eugenio Hombre INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale - Italia
40 Liu, T. - CASSACA - China
41 Fontani, F. Hombre INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico Arcetri - Italia
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys - Alemania
PSL Res Univ - Francia
42 Rygl, K. L. J. Hombre INAF Ist Radioastron - Italia
Italian ALMA Reg Ctr - Italia
43 Wyrowski, F. - Max Planck Inst Radioastron MPIfR - Alemania
44 Bally, John Hombre UNIV COLORADO - Estados Unidos
45 Walker, D. L. - UK ALMA Reg Ctr Node - Reino Unido
46 Ahmadi, A. - Leiden Univ - Países Bajos
47 Koch, Patrick Michel Hombre Acad Sinica - Taiwán
48 Merello, M. - Universidad de Chile - Chile
49 Law, C. Y. - European Southern Observ - Alemania
Chalmers Univ Technol - Suecia
50 Testi, L. - INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico Arcetri - Italia
CNAF - Italia

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Financiamiento



Fuente
National Key R&D Program of China
Chinese Academy of Sciences
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
JSPS
Shanghai Pujiang Program
German Science Foundation (DFG)
University of Cologne
MCIN/AEI
European Research Council via the ERC Synergy Grant "ECOGAL"
programme Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu
German Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action in project "MAINN"
German Excellence Strategy via the Heidelberg Cluster of Excellence
MCI-AEI-FEDER, UE
European Union 'Next GenerationEU'/PRTR

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
The authors thank Felix Bosco and Daniel Seifried for their discussions during this work and the use of the KeplarFit code by FB. We would also like to thank the referee for the insightful comments and suggestions that improved the paper during the submission process. This research made significant use of astrodendro, a Python package to compute dendrograms of Astronomical data (http://www.dendrograms.org/), Astropy (http://www.astropy.org): a community-developed core Python package and an ecosystem of tools and resources for astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018, 2022), NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), matplotlib (Hunter 2007) and Spectral-Cube (Ginsburg et al. 2019). This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA2019.1.00195.L. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. RSK acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council via the ERC Synergy Grant "ECOGAL" (project ID 855130), from the German Excellence Strategy via the Heidelberg Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2181 - 390900948) "STRUCTURES", and from the German Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action in project "MAINN" (funding ID 50OO2206). RSK also thanks for computing resources provided by the Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts (MWK) of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg through bwHPC and the German Science Foundation (DFG) through grants INST 35/1134-1 FUGG and 35/1597-1 FUGG, and also for data storage at SDS@hd funded through grants INST 35/1314-1 FUGG and INST 35/1503-1 FUGG. Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). RK acknowledges financial support via the Heisenberg Research Grant funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under grant no. KU 2849/9, project no. 445783058. T.L. acknowledges support from the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFA1603100); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), through grants No. 12073061 and No. 12122307; the international partnership programme of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, through grant No. 114231KYSB20200009; and the Shanghai Pujiang Program 20PJ1415500. SW gratefully acknowledges funding via the Collaborative Research Center 1601 (sub-project A5) funded by the German Science Foundation (DFG). A.S.-M. acknowledges support from the RyC2021-032892-I grant funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union 'Next GenerationEU'/PRTR, as well as the programme Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-M, and support from the PID2020-117710GB-I00 (MCI-AEI-FEDER, UE). PS was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI Number JP22H01271 and JP23H01221) of JSPS. GAF gratefully acknowledges funding via the Collaborative Research Center 1601 (sub-project A2) funded by the German Science Foundation (DFG) and from the University of Cologne through its Global Faculty Program.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.