OBJECTIVE. To analyze strategies related to the prevention and reduction of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults in Latin America. METHODS. A literature search was performed using the databases PubMed and BVS. Of the 194 articles obtained, 38 were selected for full text reading and 5 were finally included for the study. Methodologically, the quality of the selection and extraction of information was guaranteed by applying the CASPe guidelines. A qualitative synthesis of the evidence found was also made. RESULTS. The results showed that a balanced diet and moderate physical activity alone are associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. Strategies that promote these behaviors were shown to be effective in achieving this objective. CONCLUSION. The findings support the importance of adopting a balanced and moderate approach to diet and physical activity in CVD prevention, with significant implications for health promotion in the general population.