The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between the Human Development Index (HDI) and various macroeconomic variables for the countries of Chile, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela during the period 2000-2022. In a first stage, an ANOVA analysis was applied, in order to contrast whether there is a significant difference between the average HDI values in the four countries. Subsequently, an econometric model was estimated. It is concluded that GDP per capita has a positive effect on the HDI, while the unemployment rate and the poverty rate have an inverse relationship. The results can guide public and private institutions in promoting and implementing economic policies to reduce poverty and increase employment.