Critical physical geography allows to complement the process of extractivism of raw materials, including the appropriation of attributes and products from regional climates by developing countries that seek to implement their energy transition strategies to combat climate change through consumption-based electrification of clitic minerals such as lithium from Chile. Global and total climate extractivism offers new perspectives to interpret emerging climate injustices that contribute to giving social, political and economic meaning to the climate, now defined solely from the physical point of view through traditional physical geography. At an urban scale, climate extractivism relates to climate gentrification as a contemporary and historical response to climate change processes. The devastation of the lithium- producing territories of the Salar de Atacama and the urban climatic gentrification of Santiago de Chile are presented as case studies that illustrate novel approaches to the comprehensive understanding of Climatic Change, provided by Critical Physical Geography.