On the 18th of October 2019, Chile began undergoing the biggest political and social upheaval since the one that ended the Pinochet dictatorship. This upheaval slowly gave way to a process of impeachment of the traditional institutions of The State. This paper looks at the political dimension of the ensuing social revolt and its scope in the constituent itinerary agreed on the 15th of November 2019. It seeks to answer the question of whether the great mass movement was the expression of a political counter-hegemony challenging the Neo-Liberal order. To this end, it draws on the main theoretical currents questioning the fit between democracy and Neo-Liberalism, especially Chantal Mouffe's 'agonistic' proposal of the populist moment. In practical terms, it analyses, on the basis of past political and electoral behaviour, two cleavages that could be identified with the emergence of the populist moment, that of elite/people and parties/independents. From the analysis of the electoral data of the last thirty years and related to the results of the 2021 election of the members of the Constituent Convention, it is concluded that political weariness was reflected in the two cleavages defining the populist moment. In addition, there was a strengthening of the various political forces that saw themselves as anti-Neo-Liberal.