This paper aims to show that in ancient Greek architecture, it is possible to find a genesis of the geometric modeling of visual perception present in propositions of Euclid's Optics, considering mathematical knowledge as a human wisdom expression. Let us start by emphasizing that mathematical thinking is not exclusively rooted in mathematical disciplines, but also includes the broad spectrum of human activities, including activities that come from everyday life. Based on this, we present a socio-cultural characterization of human experience as the source and sustainer of mathematical knowledge. Thereafter, on the basis of a content and contextual analysis of Euclid's Optics, we explain the use and development of geometry in the study of various optical effects of visual perception in the architectural art embodied in the Acropolis of Athens; and we focus our analysis on one of the most important of these effects, the Acropolis of Athens. We focus our analysis on one of the most emblematic architectural works of ancient Greek culture: the Parthenon of Athens.