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Earthquakes Trigger Rapid Flash Boiling Front at Optimal Geologic Conditions
Indexado
WoS WOS:001296072100001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85201589686
DOI 10.1029/2023GL108109
Año 2024
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



The interplay between seismic activity and fluid flow is essential during the evolution of hydrothermal systems. Although earthquakes can trigger transient fluid flow and phase changes in dilational jogs, the temporal scale and the geologic conditions that enhance such process are poorly quantified. Here, we use numerical simulations of deformation and fluid flow to constrain the conditions that maximize adiabatic boiling-referred to as flashing-and estimate the extent and duration of such process. We show that there is an optimal geometry for a dilational jog that maximizes co-seismic flashing within the jog. Fluid flow simulations indicate that the duration, intensity, and propagation of the flashing front are limited and highly dependent on the magnitude of the co-seismic slip and the initial pressure-enthalpy conditions. Our results are valuable to better understand the implications of pressure fluctuations during the seismogenic cycle, as well the mineralization processes in the Earth's crust. Earthquakes can strongly affect circulating fluids within the Earth's crust, mainly where faults bend or split into different fault segments and produce dilatant areas. In these areas, earthquakes play an important role in forming ore deposits, because the co-seismic volume change can produce a pressure drop that drives boiling with gas exsolution and subsequent mineralization. This process, in which boiling is triggered by a pressure drop rather than a temperature rise, is called flash vapourization or flashing. Here, we used a computer code to unravel scenarios where optimal geometry and pressure-temperature conditions maximize flash vapourization. Furthermore, we found that the duration and extension of the flashing event are limited and highly dependent on the magnitude of the triggering earthquake and the physico-chemical conditions of the system. Such results are valuable for assessing the implications of pressure fluctuations during the seismogenic cycle and for better understanding mineralization processes in the Earth's crust.

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Sanchez-Alfaro, Pablo A. Hombre Universidad Austral de Chile - Chile
2 Wallis, I. - UNIV AUCKLAND - Nueva Zelanda
The University of Auckland - Nueva Zelanda
3 Iturrieta, Pablo Hombre GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci - Alemania
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) - Alemania
4 Rowland, J. - UNIV AUCKLAND - Nueva Zelanda
The University of Auckland - Nueva Zelanda
5 Dempsey, David - Univ Canterbury - Nueva Zelanda
University of Canterbury - Nueva Zelanda
6 O'Sullivan, J. Hombre UNIV AUCKLAND - Nueva Zelanda
The University of Auckland - Nueva Zelanda
7 REICH-MORALES, MARTIN HERBERT Hombre Universidad de Chile - Chile
8 CEMBRANO-PERASSO, JOSE MIGUEL Hombre Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile

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Financiamiento



Fuente
FONDECYT
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
Iniciativa Milenio grant
ANID-Ministry of Energy
ANID Fondap Project
ANID-Ministry of Energy Project "Programa en Energias" 2015
ANID‐Ministry of Energy

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
P. Sanchez-Alfaro acknowledges financial support from FONDECYT Grant 1201219, ANID-Ministry of Energy Project "Programa en Energias" 2015, ANID FONDAP project 15090013 (CEGA), and Iniciativa Milenio grant NCN13_065 "Millennium Nucleus for Metal Tracing Along Subduction". We are grateful to the editor for handling the manuscript. We thank Randy Williams and the anonymous reviewer, whose constructive comments have helped us improve this manuscript's quality. P. Sanchez-Alfaro also thanks G. Toledo and S. Lemui for their long-standing support.
P. Sanchez\u2010Alfaro acknowledges financial support from FONDECYT Grant 1201219, ANID\u2010Ministry of Energy Project \u201CPrograma en Energ\u00EDas\u201D 2015, ANID FONDAP project 15090013 (CEGA), and Iniciativa Milenio grant NCN13_065 \u201CMillennium Nucleus for Metal Tracing Along Subduction\u201D. We are grateful to the editor for handling the manuscript. We thank Randy Williams and the anonymous reviewer, whose constructive comments have helped us improve this manuscript's quality. P. Sanchez\u2010Alfaro also thanks G. Toledo and S. Lemui for their long\u2010standing support.
P. Sanchez\u2010Alfaro acknowledges financial support from FONDECYT Grant 1201219, ANID\u2010Ministry of Energy Project \u201CPrograma en Energ\u00EDas\u201D 2015, ANID FONDAP project 15090013 (CEGA), and Iniciativa Milenio grant NCN13_065 \u201CMillennium Nucleus for Metal Tracing Along Subduction\u201D. We are grateful to the editor for handling the manuscript. We thank Randy Williams and the anonymous reviewer, whose constructive comments have helped us improve this manuscript's quality. P. Sanchez\u2010Alfaro also thanks G. Toledo and S. Lemui for their long\u2010standing support.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.