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Comparing bulge RR Lyrae stars with bulge giants: Insight from 3D kinematics
Indexado
WoS WOS:001280629000008
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85200166111
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/202449503
Año 2024
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Context. The structure and kinematics of the old component of the Galactic bulge are still a matter of debate. It is clear that the bulk of the bulge as traced by red clump stars includes two main components, which are usually identified as the metal-rich and metal-poor components. They have different shapes, kinematics, mean metallicities, and alpha-element abundances. It is our current understanding that they are associated with a bar and a spheroid, respectively. On the other hand, RR Lyrae variables trace the oldest population of the bulge. While it would be natural to think that they follow the structure and kinematics of the metal-poor component, the data analysed in the literature show conflicting results. Aims. We aim to derive a rotation curve for bulge RR Lyrae stars in order to determine that the old component traced by these stars is distinct from the two main components observed in the Galactic bulge. Methods. This paper combines APOGEE-2S spectra with OGLE-IV light curves, near-infrared photometry, and proper motions from the VISTA Variables in the V & iacute;a L & aacute;ctea survey for 4193 RR Lyrae stars. Six-dimensional phase-space coordinates were used to calculate orbits within an updated Galactic potential and to isolate the stars. Results. The stars that stay confined within the bulge represent 57% of our sample. Our results show that bulge RR Lyrae variables rotate more slowly than metal-rich red clump stars and have a lower velocity dispersion. Their kinematics is compatible with them being the low-metallicity tail of the metal-poor component. We confirm that a rather large fraction of halo and thick disc RR Lyrae stars pass by the bulge within their orbits, increasing the velocity dispersion. A proper orbital analysis is therefore critical to isolate bona fide bulge variables. Finally, bulge RR Lyrae seem to trace a spheroidal component, although the current data do now allow us to reach a firm conclusion about the spatial distribution.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Astronomy & Astrophysics 0004-6361

Métricas Externas



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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Carvajal, J. Olivares - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
1 Olivares Carvajal, J. - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
2 Zoccali, Manuela Mujer Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
3 De Leo, M. - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
4 Contreras Ramos, Rodrigo Hombre Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
5 Quezada, C. - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
6 ROJAS-LILAYU, ALEJANDRA FRANCISCA Hombre Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
Universidad de Santiago de Chile - Chile
Nucleo Milenio ERIS - Chile
6 Rojas-Arriagada - Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
Universidad de Santiago de Chile - Chile
Nucleo Milenio ERIS - Chile
6 Rojas-Arriagada - Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
Universidad de Santiago de Chile - Chile
Nucleo Milenio ERIS - Chile
7 Valenti, Elena Mujer European Southern Observ - Alemania
Excellence Cluster Origins - Alemania
Observatorio Europeo Austral - Alemania
Exzellenzcluster ORIGINS - Alemania
8 Albarracin, R. - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
9 Navarro, Álvaro Valenzuela Hombre Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
9 Valenzuela Navarro - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile
9 Valenzuela Navarro - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile

Muestra la afiliación y género (detectado) para los co-autores de la publicación.

Financiamiento



Fuente
FONDECYT
DICYT
Fondecyt Regular
German Research Foundation
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
U.S. Department of Energy
Ohio State University
Vanderbilt University
University of Tokyo
ESO
Yale University
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Carnegie Mellon University
Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
Johns Hopkins University
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Pennsylvania State University
University of Portsmouth
University of Utah
University of Virginia
University of Washington
National Science Centre, Poland
National Science Centre
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah
University of Notre Dame
University of Colorado Boulder
University of Oxford
US Department of Energy Office of Science
Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam
Millenium Science Initiative
New Mexico State University, New York University
Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie
MCTI
MPIA Heidelberg
Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit
Max-Planck Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik
ANID
National Agency for Research and Development (ANID)
Excellence Cluster ORIGINS
IPMU
Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
National Agency for Research and Development
Excellence Cluster ORIGINS - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy
VVV/VVVx ESO Public Survey program
Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik
Observatario Nacional
National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) Doctorado Nacional
MPA
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, University of Arizona
ANID BASAL Center for Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (CATA)
AIP
CDS
ESO VISTA Public Survey VVV, Program
pandas development team 2020

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
J.O.C. acknowledges Andrea Kunder for the extensive conversations about the topics included in this manuscript and also for her availability to provide her data and advice for the future. Based on observations taken within the ESO VISTA Public Survey VVV, Program ID 179.B-2002, made public at the ESO Archive and through the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit (CASU). J.O.C. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) Doctorado Nacional grant 2021-21210865, and by ESO grant SSDF21/24. This work is funded by ANID, Millenium Science Initiative, ICN12_009 awarded to the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (M.A.S.), by the ANID BASAL Center for Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (CATA) through grant FB210003, and by FONDECYT Regular grant No. 1230731. A.R.A. acknowledges support from DICYT through grant 062319RA. C.Q.Z. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), Scholarship Program Doctorado Nacional 2021 - 21211884, ANID. E.V. acknowledges the Excellence Cluster ORIGINS Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC-2094-390783311. A.V.N. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), Scholarship Program Doctorado Nacional 2020 - 21201226, ANID. We gratefully acknowledge the use of data from the OGLE-IV catalogue. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to AU. We also acknowledge the use of data from the VVV/VVVx ESO Public Survey program ID 179.B-2002/198.B-2004 taken with the VISTA telescope and data products from the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit (CASU). The VVV Survey data are made public at the ESO Archive. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the US Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org. SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU) University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut fuer Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck Institut fuer Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatory of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observatario Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University. It also made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System and of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (Wenger et al. 2000). The original description of the VizieR service was published in Ochsenbein et al. (2000). Finally, we acknowledge use of the following publicly available softwares: lcfit: A python package for the regression of periodic time series (Dekany et al. 2019), rr_feh (Dekany & Grebel 2022), PyFiNeR: Fitting Near-infrared RRL light curves (Hajdu et al. 2018), TOPCAT (Taylor 2005), pandas (The pandas development team 2020), IPython (Perez & Granger 2007), numpy (van der Walt et al. 2011), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), Astropy, a community developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018) and Aladin sky atlas (Bonnarel et al. 2000; Boch & Fernique 2014).
J.O.C. acknowledges Andrea Kunder for the extensive conversations about the topics included in this manuscript and also for her availability to provide her data and advice for the future. Based on observations taken within the ESO VISTA Public Survey VVV, Program ID 179.B-2002, made public at the ESO Archive and through the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit (CASU). J.O.C. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) Doctorado Nacional grant 2021-21210865, and by ESO grant SSDF21/24. This work is funded by ANID, Millenium Science Initiative, ICN12_009 awarded to the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (M.A.S.), by the ANID BASAL Center for Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (CATA) through grant FB210003, and by FONDECYT Regular grant No. 1230731. A.R.A. acknowledges support from DICYT through grant 062319RA. C.Q.Z. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), Scholarship Program Doctorado Nacional 2021 \u2013 21211884, ANID. E.V. acknowledges the Excellence Cluster ORIGINS Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy \u2013 EXC-2094-390783311. A.V.N. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), Scholarship Program Doctorado Nacional 2020 \u2013 21201226, ANID. We gratefully acknowledge the use of data from the OGLE-IV catalogue. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to AU. We also acknowledge the use of data from the VVV/VVVx ESO Public Survey program ID 179.B-2002/198.B-2004 taken with the VISTA telescope and data products from the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit (CASU). The VVV Survey data are made public at the ESO Archive. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the US Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High- Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org . SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU) University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut f\u00FCr Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut f\u00FCr Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut f\u00FCr Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck Institut f\u00FCr Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatory of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observat\u00E1rio Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00F3noma de M\u00E9xico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University. It also made use of NASA\u2019s Astrophysics Data System and of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (Wenger et al. 2000). The original description of the VizieR service was published in Ochsenbein et al. (2000). Finally, we acknowledge use of the following publicly available softwares: lcfit: A python package for the regression of periodic time series (D\u00E9k\u00E1ny et al. 2019), rr_feh (D\u00E9k\u00E1ny & Grebel 2022), PyFiNeR: Fitting Near-infrared RRL light curves (Hajdu et al. 2018), TOPCAT (Taylor 2005), pandas (The pandas development team 2020), IPython (P\u00E9rez & Granger 2007), numpy (van der Walt et al. 2011), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), Astropy, a community developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018) and Aladin sky atlas (Bonnarel et al. 2000; Boch & Fernique 2014).
J.O.C. acknowledges Andrea Kunder for the extensive conversations about the topics included in this manuscript and also for her availability to provide her data and advice for the future. Based on observations taken within the ESO VISTA Public Survey VVV, Program ID 179.B-2002, made public at the ESO Archive and through the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit (CASU). J.O.C. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) Doctorado Nacional grant 2021-21210865, and by ESO grant SSDF21/24. This work is funded by ANID, Millenium Science Initiative, ICN12_009 awarded to the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (M.A.S.), by the ANID BASAL Center for Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (CATA) through grant FB210003, and by FONDECYT Regular grant No. 1230731. A.R.A. acknowledges support from DICYT through grant 062319RA. C.Q.Z. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), Scholarship Program Doctorado Nacional 2021 \u2013 21211884, ANID. E.V. acknowledges the Excellence Cluster ORIGINS Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy \u2013 EXC-2094-390783311. A.V.N. acknowledges support from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), Scholarship Program Doctorado Nacional 2020 \u2013 21201226, ANID. We gratefully acknowledge the use of data from the OGLE-IV catalogue. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to AU. We also acknowledge the use of data from the VVV/VVVx ESO Public Survey program ID 179.B-2002/198.B-2004 taken with the VISTA telescope and data products from the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit (CASU). The VVV Survey data are made public at the ESO Archive. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the US Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High- Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org . SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU) University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut f\u00FCr Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut f\u00FCr Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut f\u00FCr Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck Institut f\u00FCr Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatory of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observat\u00E1rio Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00F3noma de M\u00E9xico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University. It also made use of NASA\u2019s Astrophysics Data System and of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (Wenger et al. 2000). The original description of the VizieR service was published in Ochsenbein et al. (2000). Finally, we acknowledge use of the following publicly available softwares: lcfit: A python package for the regression of periodic time series (D\u00E9k\u00E1ny et al. 2019), rr_feh (D\u00E9k\u00E1ny & Grebel 2022), PyFiNeR: Fitting Near-infrared RRL light curves (Hajdu et al. 2018), TOPCAT (Taylor 2005), pandas (The pandas development team 2020), IPython (P\u00E9rez & Granger 2007), numpy (van der Walt et al. 2011), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), Astropy, a community developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018) and Aladin sky atlas (Bonnarel et al. 2000; Boch & Fernique 2014).

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.