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| DOI | 10.3389/FEART.2024.1354058 | ||||
| Año | 2024 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
Assessing the potential and extent of earthquake-induced liquefaction is paramount for seismic hazard assessment, for the large ground deformations it causes can result in severe damage to infrastructure and pose a threat to human lives, as evidenced by many contemporary and historical case studies in various tectonic settings. In that regard, numerical modeling of case studies, using state-of-the-art soil constitutive models and numerical frameworks, has proven to be a tailored methodology for liquefaction assessment. Indeed, these simulations allow for the dynamic response of liquefiable soils in terms of effective stresses, large strains, and ground displacements to be captured in a consistent manner with experimental and in-situ observations. Additionally, the impact of soil properties spatial variability in liquefaction response can be assessed, because the system response to waves propagating are naturally incorporated within the model. Considering that, we highlight that the effect of shear-wave velocity V s spatial variability has not been thoroughly assessed. In a case study in Metropolitan Concepcion, Chile, our research addresses the influence of V s spatial variability on the dynamic response to liquefaction. At the study site, the 2010 Maule M w 8.8 megathrust Earthquake triggered liquefaction-induced damage in the form of ground cracking, soil ejecta, and building settlements. Using simulated 2D V s profiles generated from real 1D profiles retrieved with ambient noise methods, along with a PressureDependentMultiYield03 sand constitutive model, we studied the effect of V s spatial variability on pore pressure generation, vertical settlements, and shear and volumetric strains by performing effective stress site response analyses. Our findings indicate that increased V s variability reduces the median settlements and strains for soil units that exhibit liquefaction-like responses. On the other hand, no significant changes in the dynamic response are observed in soil units that exhibit non-liquefaction behavior, implying that the triggering of liquefaction is not influenced by spatial variability in V s . We infer that when liquefaction-like behavior is triggered, an increase of the damping at the shallowest part of the soil domain might be the explanation for the decrease in the amplitude of the strains and settlements as the degree of V s variability increases.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nunez-Jara, S. | - |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci - Alemania Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) - Alemania |
| 2 | MONTALVA-ALVARADO, GONZALO ANDRES | Hombre |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
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| 3 | Pilz, Marco | Hombre |
GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci - Alemania
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) - Alemania |
| 4 | Miller, Matthew | Hombre |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
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| 5 | Saldana, H. | - |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
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| 6 | Olivar-Castano, A. | - |
Univ Potsdam - Alemania
Universität Potsdam - Alemania |
| 7 | ARAYA-DURAN, RODOLFO ANTONIO | Hombre |
Universidad de Concepción - Chile
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| Fuente |
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| Fondo de Fomento al Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico |
| Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft |
| Millennium Scientific Initiative |
| Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal |
| Chilean Scientific and Technological Development Support Fund |
| Geophysics Master's degree program at the University of Concepcion |
| Agradecimiento |
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| This work was strongly supported by the Geophysics Master's degree program at the University of Concepcion. The authors thank Dr. Robert Kayen for sharing the LiDAR picture of the Los Presidentes Site. We also thank Drs. Jose Abell, Francisco Chavez Garcia, Christopher de la Torre, Zhijian Qiu, and Katerina Ziotopolou for providing valuable insights at different stages of this research. We very much appreciate the support of the STKO Team for providing guidance through the simulation steps with STKO-OpenSEES, and the innovative tools they developed that helped our analyses. Finally, we thank Sahiling Alarcon, Nicolas Bastias, Javier Mora and Alfonso Nunez, for their invaluable help in carrying out the field measurements. We would like to express our gratitude to the reviewers for their valuable input and constructive feedback on this research. |
| The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported within the funding programme “Open Access Publikationskosten” Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - Project Number 291075472, the Millennium Nucleus CYCLO (The Seismic Cycle Along Subduction Zones) project, the Millennium Scientific Initiative (ICM) of the Chilean Government grant NC160025, and the Chilean Scientific and Technological Development Support Fund (FONDEF) grants ID16I20157 and ID22I10032. |