This article addresses the first stage of the Aurora magazine (1954-1956), a cultural production of the Communist Party of Chile directed by the writer Volodia Teitelboim. Regarding this, it is maintained that it was established as a programmatic editorial project that sought to ideologically train intellectuals in the culture of Marxism at the same time that it fought to gain ground in the cultural field. Likewise, he appropriated Socialist Realism to develop his literary criticism, although not without certain contradictions, raising a realistic, national and popular literary canon, both from his present and from his past and in a national and international effort, within the framework of the movement of national liberation.