Plant reproductive failure is a critical concern for conserving species that typically have low-density and sparse populations. This study confirms that Vasconcellea chilensis is dioecious and obligate outcrosser. Significant spatial clustering was observed in female and male plants, and a significant spatial attraction between the sexes. However, these patterns were presented at different spatial scales among the populations surveyed. In two populations, proximity to male plants was directly associated with seed production but was caused by highly isolated individuals.image