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| DOI | 10.3847/1538-4357/AD3802 | ||||
| Año | 2024 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
Planet formation models suggest that the small exoplanets that migrate from beyond the snowline of the protoplanetary disk likely contain water-ice-rich cores (similar to 50% by mass), also known as water worlds. While the observed radius valley of the Kepler planets is well explained by the atmospheric dichotomy of the rocky planets, precise measurements of the mass and radius of the transiting planets hint at the existence of these water worlds. However, observations cannot confirm the core compositions of those planets, owing to the degeneracy between the density of a bare water-ice-rich planet and the bulk density of a rocky planet with a thin atmosphere. We combine different formation models from the Genesis library with atmospheric escape models, such as photoevaporation and impact stripping, to simulate planetary systems consistent with the observed radius valley. We then explore the possibility of water worlds being present in the currently observed sample by comparing them with simulated planets in the mass-radius-orbital period space. We find that the migration models suggest greater than or similar to 10% and greater than or similar to 20% of the bare planets, i.e., planets without primordial H/He atmospheres, to be water-ice-rich around G- and M-type host stars, respectively, consistent with the mass-radius distributions of the observed planets. However, most of the water worlds are predicted to be outside a period of 10 days. A unique identification of water worlds through radial velocity and transmission spectroscopy is likely to be more successful when targeting such planets with longer orbital periods.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chakrabarty, Aritra | - |
Data Observ Fdn - Chile
Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez - Chile Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile Data Observatory Foundation - Chile Millennium Institute for Astrophysics - Chile |
| 2 | Mulders, Gijs D. | Hombre |
Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez - Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica - Chile Millennium Institute for Astrophysics - Chile |
| Fuente |
|---|
| FONDECYT |
| Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico |
| NASA |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| Heising-Simons Foundation |
| NASA's Science Mission directorate |
| University of California, Santa Cruz |
| Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo |
| Science Mission Directorate |
| Data Observatory |
| Agradecimiento |
|---|
| We are thankful to the anonymous reviewer for the critical reading of the manuscript and for providing useful suggestions. A.C. acknowledges support from ANID-Millennium Science Initiative-ICN12_009-Data Observatory Foundation. G.D.M. acknowledges support from FONDECYT project 11221206, from ANID-Millennium Science Initiative-ICN12_009, and from ANID BASAL project FB210003. The results reported herein benefited from collaborations and/or information exchange within NASA's Nexus for Exoplanet System Science (NExSS) research coordination network, sponsored by NASA's Science Mission Directorate, and the project "Alien Earths," funded under Agreement No. 80NSSC21K0593. A.C. further acknowledges his visit to the University of California, Santa Cruz and thanks Natalie Batalha, Artem Aguichine, and Anne Dattilo for all the valuable discussions and suggestions. This work also benefited from the 2023 Exoplanet Summer Program in the Other Worlds Laboratory (OWL) at the University of California, Santa Cruz, a program funded by the Heising-Simons Foundation and NASA. |
| We are thankful to the anonymous reviewer for the critical reading of the manuscript and for providing useful suggestions. A.C. acknowledges support from ANID\u2014Millennium Science Initiative\u2014ICN12_009\u2014Data Observatory Foundation. G.D.M. acknowledges support from FONDECYT project 11221206, from ANID\u2014Millennium Science Initiative\u2014ICN12_009, and from ANID BASAL project FB210003. The results reported herein benefited from collaborations and/or information exchange within NASA's Nexus for Exoplanet System Science (NExSS) research coordination network, sponsored by NASA's Science Mission Directorate, and the project \u201CAlien Earths,\u201D funded under Agreement No. 80NSSC21K0593. A.C. further acknowledges his visit to the University of California, Santa Cruz and thanks Natalie Batalha, Artem Aguichine, and Anne Dattilo for all the valuable discussions and suggestions. This work also benefited from the 2023 Exoplanet Summer Program in the Other Worlds Laboratory (OWL) at the University of California, Santa Cruz, a program funded by the Heising-Simons Foundation and NASA. |