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| DOI | 10.3390/ATMOS15040414 | ||||
| Año | 2024 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
A study was carried out in Santiago de Chile, located in a geographic basin, on the sustainability and diffusion of the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Hourly measurements were used (carried out for 3.25 years in seven communes of the city) to quantify the accumulated sick (AS) population, urban meteorology variables (MVs) (temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), and magnitude of wind speed (WS)), and air pollution (P) (PM10, PM2.5, 0(3)). Time series (TS) were constructed for each commune, which related AS to MVs, called AS/VM, and to P, noted AS/P. Chaos theory was applied to each TS, requiring the following variables: the Lyapunov exponent (lambda > 0), the correlation dimension (D-C < 5), Kolmogorov entropy (S-K > 0), the Hurst exponent (H, such that 0 < H < 1), Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZ > 0), and information loss (<Delta I> < 0). Every TS complied with chaos theory. For each commune, C-K was calculated as a quotient between the sum of AS/T, AS/WS, and AS/RH entropies and the sum of AS/PM10, AS/PM2.5, and AS/O-3 entropies. The results show that the entropy for the AS/P ratio is lower than that of the AS/VM ratio in three of the seven communes, since between 2020 and early 2022, the population was confined, reducing pollution. The TS of the AS/P ratio is more persistent and complex. The predictability times of the ratios are comparable in four of the seven communes. The TS of the AS/MV ratios shows greater information loss and chaos. According to the calculated C-K values, it is possible to relate it to anomalous diffusion (sub/super-diffusion) and the context that favored the expansion of the pandemic: urban densification, pollution, urban meteorology, population density, etc. Using Fr & eacute;chet heavy-tailed probability, the compatibility of the results with C-K is verified.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pacheco, Patricio | Hombre |
Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana - Chile
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| 2 | Mera, Eduardo | Hombre |
Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana - Chile
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| 3 | Navarro, Gustavo | - |
Universidad San Sebastián - Chile
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| Fuente |
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| Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico |
| Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica |
| Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo |
| ANID/CONICYT/FONDECYT |
| Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Doctorados de la Universidad San Sebastian |
| Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Doctorados de la Universidad San Sebastian - Fondo |
| Agradecimiento |
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| This research was supported by ANID/CONICYT/FONDECYT Regular 1240127. This publication had the support of the Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Doctorados de la Universidad San Sebastian - Fondo USS-FIN-24-APCS-07. |
| This research was supported by ANID/CONICYT/FONDECYT Regular 1240127. This publication had the support of the Vicerrector\u00EDa de Investigaci\u00F3n y Doctorados de la Universidad San Sebasti\u00E1n \u2013 Fondo USS-FIN-24-APCS-07. |