This study presents a review of the state of the art on the conception of health from the indigenous and the western perspectives. The materials and methods used are circumscribed to an exploratory and descriptive qualitative design, in which, through a review of 51 scientific articles, the object of study is problematized. The results show the existence of epistemological tensions on the conception of health between the indigenous and the western perspectives. We conclude that these problems have led to an increase in health inequalities in terms of access to healthcare, according to the geographical and territorial location of the indigenous population. Likewise, we discuss how healthcare in indigenous territories is distinguished for being offered with a monocultural character, increasing the marginalization of the indigenous person. We argue that it is imperative to address health inequalities in the indigenous context, both in access to healthcare and in the forms of care provided to users, from an intercultural perspective.