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TOI-663: A newly discovered multi-planet system with three transiting mini-Neptunes orbiting an early M star
| Indexado |
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| DOI | 10.1051/0004-6361/202346899 | ||||
| Año | 2024 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
Abstract
We present the detection of three exoplanets orbiting the early M dwarf TOI-663 (TIC 54962195; V = 13.7 mag, J = 10.4 mag, R-star = 0.512 +/- 0.015 R-circle dot, M-star = 0.514 +/- 0.012 M-circle dot, d = 64 pc). TOI-663 b, c, and d, with respective radii of 2.27 +/- 0.10 R-circle plus, 2.26 +/- 0.10 R-circle plus, and 1.92 +/- 0.13 R-circle plus and masses of 4.45 +/- 0.65 M-circle plus, 3.65 +/- 0.97 M-circle plus, and <5.2 M-circle plus at 99%, are located just above the radius valley that separates rocky and volatile-rich exoplanets. The planet candidates are identified in two TESS sectors and are validated with ground-based photometric follow-up, precise radial-velocity measurements, and high-resolution imaging. We used the software package juliet to jointly model the photometric and radial-velocity datasets, with Gaussian processes applied to correct for systematics. The three planets discovered in the TOI-663 system are low-mass mini-Neptunes with radii significantly larger than those of rocky analogs, implying that volatiles, such as water, must predominate. In addition to this internal structure analysis, we also performed a dynamical analysis that confirmed the stability of the system. The three exoplanets in the TOI-663 system, similarly to other sub-Neptunes orbiting M dwarfs, have been found to have lower densities than planets of similar sizes orbiting stars of different spectral types.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cointepas, Marion | Mujer |
Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Univ Geneva - Suiza Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) - Francia Faculty of Science - Suiza |
| 2 | Bouchy, Francois | Hombre |
Univ Geneva - Suiza
Faculty of Science - Suiza |
| 3 | Almenara, Jose-Manuel | Hombre |
Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) - Francia |
| 4 | Bonfils, Xavier | Hombre |
Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) - Francia |
| 5 | Astudillo-Defru, Nicola | Mujer |
Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción - Chile
|
| 6 | Knierim, H. | - |
UNIV ZURICH - Suiza
Universität Zürich - Suiza |
| 7 | Stalport, M. | Hombre |
Univ Liege - Bélgica
Universite de Liege - Bélgica MIT - Estados Unidos MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research - Estados Unidos Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos MIT School of Engineering - Estados Unidos |
| 8 | Mignon, Lucille | Mujer |
Univ Geneva - Suiza
Faculty of Science - Suiza |
| 9 | Grieves, Nolan | Hombre |
Univ Geneva - Suiza
Faculty of Science - Suiza |
| 10 | Bean, Jacob L. | Hombre |
UNIV CHICAGO - Estados Unidos
The Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago - Estados Unidos |
| 11 | Brady, M. | Mujer |
UNIV CHICAGO - Estados Unidos
The Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago - Estados Unidos |
| 12 | Burt, Jennifer A. | Mujer |
CALTECH - Estados Unidos
California Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos |
| 13 | Martins, B. L. Canto | Hombre |
Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte - Brasil
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - Brasil |
| 14 | Pearce, Logan | Hombre |
Harvard & Smithsonian - Estados Unidos
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics - Estados Unidos George Mason Univ - Estados Unidos George Mason University - Estados Unidos |
| 15 | Pearce, Logan | Hombre |
Harvard & Smithsonian - Estados Unidos
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics - Estados Unidos George Mason Univ - Estados Unidos George Mason University - Estados Unidos |
| 16 | Delfosse, Xavier | Hombre |
Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) - Francia |
| 17 | de Medeiros, Jose R. | Hombre |
Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte - Brasil
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - Brasil |
| 18 | Demory, Brice-Olivier | - |
Univ Bern - Suiza
University of Bern - Suiza |
| 19 | Dorn, C. | Mujer |
Swiss Fed Inst Technol - Suiza
ETH Zurich - Suiza |
| 20 | Forveille, Thierry | Hombre |
Univ Grenoble Alpes - Francia
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) - Francia |
| 21 | Fukui, Akihiko | Hombre |
IAC - España
Univ Tokyo - Japón Instituto Astrofisico de Canarias - España The University of Tokyo - Japón |
| 22 | Gan, Tianjun | - |
Tsinghua Univ - China
Tsinghua University - China |
| 23 | Gomez Maqueo Chew, Y. | - |
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - México
|
| 23 | Chew, Y. Gomez Maqueo | - |
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico - México
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - México |
| 24 | Halverson, Sam | Hombre |
CALTECH - Estados Unidos
California Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos |
| 25 | Helled, Ravit | Mujer |
UNIV ZURICH - Suiza
Universität Zürich - Suiza |
| 26 | Helm, I. | - |
George Mason Univ - Estados Unidos
George Mason University - Estados Unidos |
| 27 | Hirano, Teruyuki | - |
Astrobiol Ctr - Japón
Natl Astron Observ Japan - Japón National Institutes of Natural Sciences - AstroBiology Center - Japón National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Astronomical Observatory of Japan - Japón |
| 28 | Horne, Keith | Hombre |
Univ St Andrews - Reino Unido
University of St Andrews - Reino Unido |
| 29 | Howell, S. | Hombre |
NASA - Estados Unidos
NASA Ames Research Center - Estados Unidos |
| 30 | Isogai, Keisuke I. | Hombre |
KYOTO UNIV - Japón
Univ Tokyo - Japón Kyoto University - Japón The University of Tokyo - Japón |
| 31 | Kasper, David | Hombre |
UNIV CHICAGO - Estados Unidos
The Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago - Estados Unidos |
| 32 | Kawauchi, K. | - |
Univ Tokyo - Japón
Ritsumeikan Univ - Japón The University of Tokyo - Japón Ritsumeikan University Biwako-Kusatsu Campus - Japón |
| 33 | Livingston, J. H. | Hombre |
Astrobiol Ctr - Japón
Natl Astron Observ Japan - Japón Grad Univ Adv Studies - Japón National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Astronomical Observatory of Japan - Japón National Institutes of Natural Sciences - AstroBiology Center - Japón The Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japón |
| 34 | Massey, Robert | Hombre |
Villa 39 Observ - Estados Unidos
Villa’39 Observatory - Estados Unidos |
| 35 | Matson, Rachel A. | Mujer |
US Naval Observ - Estados Unidos
U.S. Naval Observatory - Estados Unidos |
| 36 | Murgas, Felipe | Hombre |
IAC - España
ULL - España Instituto Astrofisico de Canarias - España Universidad de La Laguna - España |
| 37 | Narita, Norio | Hombre |
IAC - España
Univ Tokyo - Japón Astrobiol Ctr - Japón Instituto Astrofisico de Canarias - España The University of Tokyo - Japón National Institutes of Natural Sciences - AstroBiology Center - Japón |
| 38 | Palle, Enric | Hombre |
IAC - España
ULL - España Instituto Astrofisico de Canarias - España Universidad de La Laguna - España |
| 39 | Relles, Howard M. | Hombre |
Harvard & Smithsonian - Estados Unidos
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics - Estados Unidos |
| 40 | Sabin, Laurence | Mujer |
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico - México
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - México |
| 41 | Schanche, N. | Mujer |
UNIV MARYLAND - Estados Unidos
University of Maryland, College Park - Estados Unidos |
| 42 | Schwarz, Richard P. | Hombre |
Harvard & Smithsonian - Estados Unidos
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics - Estados Unidos |
| 43 | Seifahrt, Andreas | Hombre |
UNIV CHICAGO - Estados Unidos
The Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago - Estados Unidos |
| 44 | Shporer, Avi | - |
MIT - Estados Unidos
MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research - Estados Unidos Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos |
| 45 | Stefansson, Gudmundur | - |
Princeton Univ - Estados Unidos
Princeton University - Estados Unidos |
| 46 | Stuermer, J. | Hombre |
Heidelberg Univ - Alemania
Landessternwarte Heidelberg - Alemania |
| 47 | Tamura, Motohide | - |
Astrobiol Ctr - Japón
Natl Astron Observ Japan - Japón Univ Tokyo - Japón National Institutes of Natural Sciences - AstroBiology Center - Japón National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Astronomical Observatory of Japan - Japón The University of Tokyo - Japón |
| 48 | Tan, T. -G. | - |
Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope - Australia
|
| 49 | Twicken, Joseph D. | Hombre |
NASA - Estados Unidos
SETI Inst - Estados Unidos NASA Ames Research Center - Estados Unidos SETI Institute - Estados Unidos |
| 50 | Watanabe, Noriharu | - |
Univ Tokyo - Japón
The University of Tokyo - Japón |
| 51 | Wells, R. D. | - |
Univ Bern - Suiza
University of Bern - Suiza |
| 52 | Wilkin, F. P. | - |
Union Coll - Estados Unidos
Union College, Schenectady - Estados Unidos |
| 53 | Ricker, George R. | Hombre |
MIT - Estados Unidos
MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research - Estados Unidos Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos |
| 54 | Stalport, M. | Hombre |
Univ Liege - Bélgica
Universite de Liege - Bélgica MIT - Estados Unidos MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research - Estados Unidos Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Estados Unidos MIT School of Engineering - Estados Unidos |
| 55 | Winn, J. N. | - |
Princeton Univ - Estados Unidos
Princeton University - Estados Unidos |
| 56 | JENKINS, JAMES STEWART | Hombre |
NASA - Estados Unidos
NASA Ames Research Center - Estados Unidos |
| Fuente |
|---|
| CAPES |
| National Science Foundation |
| CNPq |
| Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico |
| Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior |
| Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México |
| NSF |
| UNAM |
| University of Bern |
| JSPS KAKENHI |
| European Research Council |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) |
| NASA |
| Japan Science and Technology Agency |
| Japan Society for the Promotion of Science |
| Swiss National Science Foundation |
| Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias |
| NASA Explorer Program |
| Ames Research Center |
| Gemini Observatory |
| Space Telescope Science Institute |
| Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung |
| Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute |
| NASA's Science Mission directorate |
| California Institute of Technology |
| LCOGT network |
| National Research Council Canada |
| National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship |
| Geneva University |
| NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program |
| European Research Council under the ERC |
| NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship |
| Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea) |
| NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA |
| Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações |
| Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning |
| National Research Council (Canada) |
| JST CREST |
| Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo |
| Baja California, México |
| Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (Chile) |
| NOIRLab |
| Science Mission Directorate |
| Astrobiology Center |
| National Centre for Competence in Research |
| Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación |
| Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (Brazil) |
| NOIRLab through the Mid-Scale Innovations Program (MSIP) - NSF |
| Amsterdam Brain and Cognition |
| National Centre for Competence in Research PlanetS |
| Centre for Space and Habitability |
| Sierra de San Pedro Mártir |
| Centre for Space and Habitability (CSH) of the University of Bern |
| Maunakea Science Reserve and adjacent to the summit of Maunakea |
| National Centre for Competence in Research 'PlanetS' |
| Agradecimiento |
|---|
| 26134/ExoFOP5) website, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP17H04574, JP18H05439, JP 18H05442, JP19K14783, JP20K14521, JP21H00035, JP21K13955, JP21K20376, Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, Grant Number JP20J21872, JST CREST Grant Number JPMJCR1761, and Astrobiology Center SATELLITE Research project AB022006. This article is based on observations made with the MuSCAT2 instrument, developed by ABC, at Telescopio Carlos Sanchez operated on the island of Tenerife by the IAC in the Spanish Observatorio del Teide. M.T. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos.18H05442. C.D. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant TMSGI2_211313. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE 1746045. G.S. acknowledges support provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51519.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. J.R.M. and B.L.C.M. acknowledge continuous grants from the brazilian funding agencies CAPES (Finance Code 001) and CNPq. The material is based upon work supported by NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002. |
| 26134/ExoFOP5) website, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP17H04574, JP18H05439, JP 18H05442, JP19K14783, JP20K14521, JP21H00035, JP21K13955, JP21K20376, Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, Grant Number JP20J21872, JST CREST Grant Number JPMJCR1761, and Astrobiology Center SATELLITE Research project AB022006. This article is based on observations made with the MuSCAT2 instrument, developed by ABC, at Telescopio Carlos Sanchez operated on the island of Tenerife by the IAC in the Spanish Observatorio del Teide. M.T. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos.18H05442. C.D. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant TMSGI2_211313. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE 1746045. G.S. acknowledges support provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51519.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. J.R.M. and B.L.C.M. acknowledge continuous grants from the brazilian funding agencies CAPES (Finance Code 001) and CNPq. The material is based upon work supported by NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002. |
| We are grateful to the ESO/La Silla staff for their continuous support. We acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the ERC Grant Agreement n. 337591-ExTrA. This paper includes data collected by the TESS mission. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by the NASA Explorer Program. We acknowledge the use of public TESS Alert data from the pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science Processing Operations Center. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. We thank the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and the Geneva University for their continuous support to our planet search programs. This work has been in particular carried out in the frame of the National Centre for Competence in Research \u2018PlanetS\u2019 supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). This work made use of tpfplotter by J. Lillo-Box (publicly available in www.github.com/jlillo/tpfplotter), which also made use of the python packages astropy, lightkurve, matplotlib and numpy. This research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Some of the observations in this paper made use of the High-Resolution Imaging instrument Zorro and were obtained under Gemini LLP Proposal Number: GN/S-2021A-LP-105. Zorro was funded by the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program and built at the NASA Ames Research Center by Steve B. Howell, Nic Scott, Elliott P. Horch, and Emmett Quigley. Zorro was mounted on the Gemini South telescope of the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF\u2019s OIR Lab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00F3n y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00EDa e Innovaci\u00F3n (Argentina), Minist\u00E9rio da Ci\u00EAncia, Tecnologia, Inova\u00E7\u00F5es e Comunica\u00E7\u00F5es (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Some observations in this paper were obtained with MAROON-X, a visitor instrument on the Gemini North telescope, located within the Maunakea Science Reserve and adjacent to the summit of Maunakea. We are grateful for the privilege of observing the Universe from a place that is unique in both its astronomical quality and its cultural significance. This work is based upon observations carried out at the Observatorio Astron\u00F3mico Nacional on the Sierra de San Pedro M\u00E1rtir (OAN-SPM), Baja California, M\u00E9xico. SAINT-EX observations and team were supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P2-163967 and PP00P2-190080), the Centre for Space and Habitability (CSH) of the University of Bern, the National Centre for Competence in Research PlanetS, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), and UNAM PAPIIT-IG101321. This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network. Part of the LCOGT telescope time was granted by NOIRLab through the Mid-Scale Innovations Program (MSIP). MSIP is funded by NSF. This research has made use of the Exoplanet Follow-up Observation Program (ExoFOP; DOI: 10.26134/ExoFOP5) website, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA\u2019s Science Mission Directorate. This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP17H04574, JP18H05439, JP 18H05442, JP19K14783, JP20K14521, JP21H00035, JP21K13955, JP21K20376, Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, Grant Number JP20J21872, JST CREST Grant Number JPMJCR1761, and Astrobiology Center SATELLITE Research project AB022006. This article is based on observations made with the MuSCAT2 instrument, developed by ABC, at Telescopio Carlos S\u00E1nchez operated on the island of Tenerife by the IAC in the Spanish Observatorio del Teide. M.T. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos.18H05442. C.D. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant TMSGI2_211313. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE 1746045. G.S. acknowledges support provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51519.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. J.R.M. and B.L.C.M. acknowledge continuous grants from the brazilian funding agencies CAPES (Finance Code 001) and CNPq. The material is based upon work supported by NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002. |
| We are grateful to the ESO/La Silla staff for their continuous support. We acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the ERC Grant Agreement n. 337591-ExTrA. This paper includes data collected by the TESS mission. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by the NASA Explorer Program. We acknowledge the use of public TESS Alert data from the pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science Processing Operations Center. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. We thank the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and the Geneva University for their continuous support to our planet search programs. This work has been in particular carried out in the frame of the National Centre for Competence in Research \u2018PlanetS\u2019 supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). This work made use of tpfplotter by J. Lillo-Box (publicly available in www.github.com/jlillo/tpfplotter), which also made use of the python packages astropy, lightkurve, matplotlib and numpy. This research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Some of the observations in this paper made use of the High-Resolution Imaging instrument Zorro and were obtained under Gemini LLP Proposal Number: GN/S-2021A-LP-105. Zorro was funded by the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program and built at the NASA Ames Research Center by Steve B. Howell, Nic Scott, Elliott P. Horch, and Emmett Quigley. Zorro was mounted on the Gemini South telescope of the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF\u2019s OIR Lab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00F3n y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00EDa e Innovaci\u00F3n (Argentina), Minist\u00E9rio da Ci\u00EAncia, Tecnologia, Inova\u00E7\u00F5es e Comunica\u00E7\u00F5es (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Some observations in this paper were obtained with MAROON-X, a visitor instrument on the Gemini North telescope, located within the Maunakea Science Reserve and adjacent to the summit of Maunakea. We are grateful for the privilege of observing the Universe from a place that is unique in both its astronomical quality and its cultural significance. This work is based upon observations carried out at the Observatorio Astron\u00F3mico Nacional on the Sierra de San Pedro M\u00E1rtir (OAN-SPM), Baja California, M\u00E9xico. SAINT-EX observations and team were supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P2-163967 and PP00P2-190080), the Centre for Space and Habitability (CSH) of the University of Bern, the National Centre for Competence in Research PlanetS, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), and UNAM PAPIIT-IG101321. This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network. Part of the LCOGT telescope time was granted by NOIRLab through the Mid-Scale Innovations Program (MSIP). MSIP is funded by NSF. This research has made use of the Exoplanet Follow-up Observation Program (ExoFOP; DOI: 10.26134/ExoFOP5) website, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA\u2019s Science Mission Directorate. This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP17H04574, JP18H05439, JP 18H05442, JP19K14783, JP20K14521, JP21H00035, JP21K13955, JP21K20376, Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, Grant Number JP20J21872, JST CREST Grant Number JPMJCR1761, and Astrobiology Center SATELLITE Research project AB022006. This article is based on observations made with the MuSCAT2 instrument, developed by ABC, at Telescopio Carlos S\u00E1nchez operated on the island of Tenerife by the IAC in the Spanish Observatorio del Teide. M.T. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos.18H05442. C.D. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant TMSGI2_211313. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE 1746045. G.S. acknowledges support provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51519.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. J.R.M. and B.L.C.M. acknowledge continuous grants from the brazilian funding agencies CAPES (Finance Code 001) and CNPq. The material is based upon work supported by NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002. |
