Suicide is a global health problem. Although there is literature that has addressed different perspectives on suicidal behavior and risk, it is necessary to delve into new methods that allow their assessment. That is why we sought to evaluate through the literature the usefulness of voice and speech measures in detecting and monitoring suicidal behavior. This was done through a search of scientific literature in different databases. The results showed that the tasks most used to assess voice and speech in behavior and suicidal risk are those of free expressions, such as the interview and text reading. Evidence shows a link between acoustic parameters of voice and speech and suicide risk, also its usefulness in monitoring it.