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| DOI | 10.1051/0004-6361/202347307 | ||||
| Año | 2023 | ||||
| Tipo | artículo de investigación |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
In this paper we present the first-ever L- and M-band interferometric observations of Circinus, building upon a recent N-band analysis. We used these observations to reconstruct images and fit Gaussian models to the L and M bands. Our findings reveal a thin edge-on disk whose width is marginally resolved and is the spectral continuation of the disk imaged in the N band to shorter wavelengths. Additionally, we find a point-like source in the L and M bands that, based on the LMN-band spectral energy distribution fit, corresponds to the N-band point source. We also demonstrate that there is no trace of direct sightlines to hot dust surfaces in the circumnuclear dust structure of Circinus. By assuming the dust is present, we find that obscuration of AV≳ 250 mag is necessary to reproduce the measured fluxes. Hence, the imaged disk could play the role of the obscuring "torus"in the unified scheme of active galactic nuclei. Furthermore, we explored the parameter space of the disk + hyperbolic cone radiative transfer models and identify a simple modification at the base of the cone. Adding a cluster of clumps just above the disk and inside the base of the hyperbolic cone provides a much better match to the observed temperature distribution in the central aperture. This aligns well with the radiation-driven fountain models that have recently emerged. Only the unique combination of sensitivity and spatial resolution of the VLTI allows such models to be scrutinized and constrained in detail. We plan to test the applicability of this detailed dust structure to other MATISSE-observed active galactic nuclei in the future.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isbell, Jacob W. | Hombre |
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
Max Planck Inst Astron MPIA - Alemania |
| 2 | Pott, J. U. | - |
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
|
| 2 | Pott, J-U | Hombre |
Max Planck Inst Astron MPIA - Alemania
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania |
| 3 | Meisenheimer, Klaus | Hombre |
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
Max Planck Inst Astron MPIA - Alemania |
| 4 | Stalevski, Marko | Hombre |
Astronomical Observatory Belgrade - Serbia
Universiteit Gent - Bélgica Astron Observ - Serbia Univ Ghent - Bélgica |
| 5 | Tristram, Konrad R.W. | - |
European Southern Observatory Santiago - Chile
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| 5 | Tristram, Konrad | Hombre |
ESO - Chile
European Southern Observatory Santiago - Chile European Southern Observ - Chile |
| 6 | Leftley, James H. | Hombre |
Laboratoire Joseph-Louis Lagrange - Francia
Univ Cote Azur - Francia |
| 7 | Asmus, Daniel | Hombre |
Gymnasium Schwarzenbek - Alemania
University of Southampton - Reino Unido Univ Southampton - Reino Unido |
| 8 | Weigelt, Gerd | Hombre |
Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy - Alemania
Max Planck Inst Radioastron - Alemania Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania |
| 9 | Gámez Rosas, Violeta | Mujer |
Leiden Univ - Países Bajos
Sterrewacht Leiden - Países Bajos |
| 9 | Gámez Rosas, V. | - |
Sterrewacht Leiden - Países Bajos
Leiden Univ - Países Bajos |
| 10 | Petrov, Romain | Hombre |
Laboratoire Joseph-Louis Lagrange - Francia
Univ Cote Azur - Francia |
| 11 | Jaffe, Walter | Hombre |
Sterrewacht Leiden - Países Bajos
Leiden Univ - Países Bajos |
| 12 | Hofmann, K. -H. | Hombre |
Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy - Alemania
Max Planck Inst Radioastron - Alemania Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania |
| 13 | Henning, Thomas | Hombre |
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy - Alemania
Max Planck Inst Astron MPIA - Alemania |
| 14 | Lopez, B. | - |
Laboratoire Joseph-Louis Lagrange - Francia
Univ Cote Azur - Francia |
| Fuente |
|---|
| Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia |
| The authors would like to thank the late Prof. Dr. Klaus Meisenheimer for his valuable contributions to both this work and to their growth as scientists, through his inspiring supervision, thoughtful questions, and ambitious vision for the VLTI. We thank t |
| Agradecimiento |
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| The authors would like to thank the late Prof. Dr. Klaus Meisenheimer for his valuable contributions to both this work and to their growth as scientists, through his inspiring supervision, thoughtful questions, and ambitious vision for the VLTI. We thank the VLTI Paranal staff for all their help and good company during observations. M.S. is supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia through the contract No. 451-03-9/2023-14/200002. This research has made extensive use of NASA’s Astrophysics Data System; the SIMBAD database and VizieR catalogue access tool, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; and the python packages astropy , emcee , scipy , and matplotlib . The authors thank the anonymous referee for their helpful comments which greatly improved this paper. |
| The authors would like to thank the late Prof. Dr. Klaus Meisenheimer for his valuable contributions to both this work and to their growth as scientists, through his inspiring supervision, thoughtful questions, and ambitious vision for the VLTI. We thank the VLTI Paranal staff for all their help and good company during observations. M.S. is supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia through the contract No. 451-03-9/2023-14/200002. This research has made extensive use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System; the SIMBAD database and VizieR catalogue access tool, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; and the python packages <MONOSPACE>astropy</MONOSPACE>, <MONOSPACE>emcee</MONOSPACE>, <MONOSPACE>scipy</MONOSPACE>, and <MONOSPACE>matplotlib</MONOSPACE>. The authors thank the anonymous referee for their helpful comments which greatly improved this paper. |