This paper seeks to account for the possible contributions of Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis (CDA) to the field of organizational studies (OS) in Latin America, stressing its contribution to the critical and dialectical analysis of the discursive dimensions of organizational processes. For this purpose, an empirical study is presented from the perspective of the CDA that sought to analyze the discursive dimension of the Chile’s public administration reform processes. This study received inputs from fifteen public programs of the Chilean State, whose analysis allowed identifying three discursive practices—transactional, measurability, expertise/transparency—that account for the particular order of the discourse—representations (discourses), modalities of coordination (genders) and social identities (styles)—, which is at the base, sustains and participates in the New Public Management (NPM) of the Chilean State. Thus, the particularities and implications of this order of discourse and its centrality in the processes of managerial reform to public administration are discussed. It concludes by giving an account of some limitations of the study and underlining the contribution of CDA as a theoretical-methodological proposal to strengthen the conceptual tools and the critical potential of OS in Latin America.