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Wavelength-resolved reverberation mapping of intermediate-redshift quasars HE 0413-4031 and HE 0435-4312: Dissecting Mg II, optical Fe II, and UV Fe II emission regions
Indexado
WoS WOS:001099714300003
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85176128954
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/202346738
Año 2023
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Context. We present the wavelength-resolved reverberation mapping (RM) of combined Mg II and UV Fe II broad-line emissions for two intermediate-redshift (z ∼1), luminous quasars, HE 0413-4031 and HE 0435-4312, monitored by the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) and 1m class telescopes between 2012 and 2022. Aims. Using a wavelength-resolved technique, we aim to disentangle the Mg II and Fe II emission regions and to build a radius luminosity (R L) relation for UV Fe II emission, which has so far remained unconstrained. Methods. We applied several time-delay methodologies to constrain the time delays for total Mg II and Fe II emissions. In addition, wavelength-resolved RM is performed to quantify the inflow or outflow of broad-line region (BLR) gas around the supermassive black hole and to disentangle the emission and the emitting regions based on lines produced in proximity to each other. Results. The mean total FeII time delay is nearly equal to the mean total MgII time delay for HE 0435-4312, suggesting the co-spatiality of their emission regions. However, in HE 0413-4031, the mean FeII time delay is found to be longer than the mean MgII time delay, suggesting that FeII emission is produced at greater distances from the black hole. The UV FeII R L relation is updated with these two quasars (now four in total) and compared with the optical FeII relation (20 sources), which suggests that the optical FeII emission region is located further than the UV FeII region by a factor of 1.7 1.9, that is, RFeII-opt ∼(1.7- 1.9)RFeII-UV. Conclusion. Wavelength-resolved reverberation is an efficient way to constrain the geometry and structure of the BLR. We detected a weak pattern in the time delay versus wavelength relation, suggesting that the MgII broad line originates from a region slightly closer to the SMBH than the UV FeII pseudo continuum, although the difference is not very significant. Comparison of MgII, UV, and optical FeII R L relations suggests that the difference may be greater for lower-luminosity sources, possibly with the MgII emission originating further from the SMBH. In the future, more RM data will be acquired, allowing better constraints on these trends, in particular the UV FeII R L relation.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Astronomy & Astrophysics 0004-6361

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scopus
Sin Disciplinas
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Prince, Raj - Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
2 Zajacek, Michal Hombre Masaryk University - República Checa
Masaryk Univ - República Checa
3 Panda, Swayamtrupta - Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica, Itajuba - Brasil
Lab Nacl Astrofis - Brasil
4 Hryniewicz, Krzysztof Hombre National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) - Polonia
Natl Ctr Nucl Res - Polonia
5 Jaiswal, Vikram Kumar Hombre Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
5 Kumar Jaiswal, Vikram - Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
6 Czerny, Bozena Mujer Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
7 Trzcionkowski, Piotr Hombre University of Warsaw - Polonia
Univ Warsaw - Polonia
8 Bronikowski, M. Hombre University of Nova Gorica - Eslovenia
Univ Nova Gorica - Eslovenia
9 Ralowski, Mateusz Hombre Uniwersytet Jagiellonski - Polonia
Jagiellonian Univ - Polonia
10 Sobrino Figaredo, Catalina - University of Haifa - Israel
10 Figaredo, C. Sobrino Mujer Univ Haifa - Israel
University of Haifa - Israel
11 Martinez-Aldama, Mary Loli Mujer Universidad de Valparaíso - Chile
12 Sniegowska, Marzena - Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Tel Aviv University - Israel
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
Tel Aviv Univ - Israel
13 Sredzianska, Justyna - Copernicus Science Centre - Polonia
13 Sredzinska, Justyna Mujer Copernicus Sci Ctr - Polonia
14 Bilicki, M. Hombre Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
15 Naddaf, Mohammad-Hassan Hombre Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
16 Pandey, Ashwani - Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
17 Haas, Martin Hombre Ruhr-Universität Bochum - Alemania
Univ Bochum - Alemania
18 Jacek Sarna, Marek - Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
18 Sarna, Marek Hombre Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
19 Pietrzynski, Grzegorz Hombre Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
20 Karas, V. Hombre Astronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i. - República Checa
Acad Sci - República Checa
21 Olejak, Aleksandra Mujer Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
22 Przyluski, Robert Hombre Space Research Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences - Polonia
Polish Acad Sci - Polonia
23 Sefako, Ramotholo R. - South African Astronomical Observatory - República de Sudáfrica
South African Astron Observ - República de Sudáfrica
24 Genade, A. Mujer South African Astronomical Observatory - República de Sudáfrica
University of Cape Town - República de Sudáfrica
South African Astron Observ - República de Sudáfrica
UNIV CAPE TOWN - República de Sudáfrica
25 Worters, Hannah Mujer South African Astronomical Observatory - República de Sudáfrica
South African Astron Observ - República de Sudáfrica
26 Kozlowski, Szymon - University of Warsaw - Polonia
Univ Warsaw - Polonia
27 Udalski, Andrzej Hombre University of Warsaw - Polonia
Univ Warsaw - Polonia

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Financiamiento



Fuente
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
European Research Council
DFG
Millenium Nucleus
Narodowe Centrum Nauki
Polish National Science Center
European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki
Millenium Nucleus NCN19 058
Polish Funding Agency National Science Centre
MEiN
We thank the anonymous referee for their insightful suggestions and comments. The project is based on observations made with the SALT under programs 2012-2-POL-003, 2013-1-POL-RSA-002, 2013-2-POL-RSA-001, 2014-1-POL-RSA-001, 2014-2-SCI-004, 2015-1-SCI-006,
OPUS-LAP/GAR-LA bilateral project

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.

Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
We thank the anonymous referee for their insightful suggestions and comments. The project is based on observations made with the SALT under programs 2012-2-POL-003, 2013-1-POL-RSA-002, 2013-2-POL-RSA-001, 2014-1-POL-RSA-001, 2014-2-SCI-004, 2015-1-SCI-006, 2015-2-SCI-017, 2016-1-SCI-011, 2016-2-SCI-024, 2017-1-SCI-009, 2017-2-SCI-033, 2018-1-MLT-004 (PI: B. Czerny). Polish participation in SALT is funded by grant No. MEiN nr 2021/WK/01. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. [951549]). The project was partially supported by the Polish Funding Agency National Science Centre, project 2017/26/A/ST9/00756 (MAESTRO 9). B.C. and M.Z. acknowledge the OPUS-LAP/GAR-LA bilateral project (2021/43/I/ST9/01352/OPUS 22. M. L. M.-A. acknowledges financial support from Millenium Nucleus NCN19_058 (TITANs). S.K. acknowledges the financial support of the Polish National Science Center through the grant no. 2018/31/B/ST9/00334 (OPUS 16)GF22-04053L). C.S.F. and M.H. acknowledge support from DFG programs HA3555/14-2 and CH71/33-1. G.P. acknowledges the grant of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (decision number DIR/WK/ 2018/09).
We thank the anonymous referee for their insightful suggestions and comments. The project is based on observations made with the SALT under programs 2012-2-POL-003, 2013-1-POL-RSA-002, 2013-2-POL-RSA-001, 2014-1-POL-RSA-001, 2014-2-SCI-004, 2015-1-SCI-006, 2015-2-SCI-017, 2016-1-SCI-011, 2016-2-SCI-024, 2017-1-SCI-009, 2017-2-SCI-033, 2018-1-MLT-004 (PI: B. Czerny). Polish participation in SALT is funded by grant No. MEiN nr 2021/WK/01. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. [951549]). The project was partially supported by the Polish Funding Agency National Science Centre, project 2017/26/A/ST9/00756 (MAESTRO 9). B.C. and M.Z. acknowledge the OPUS-LAP/GAR-LA bilateral project (2021/43/I/ST9/01352/OPUS 22. M. L. M.-A. acknowledges financial support from Millenium Nucleus NCN19_058 (TITANs). S.K. acknowledges the financial support of the Polish National Science Center through the grant no. 2018/31/B/ST9/00334 (OPUS 16)GF22-04053L). C.S.F. and M.H. acknowledge support from DFG programs HA3555/14-2 and CH71/33-1. G.P. acknowledges the grant of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (decision number DIR/WK/ 2018/09).

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.