The article exposes the meaning and use of the concept of postcoloniality by the intellectuals of the India and its adaptation in Latin America, especially by the Latin American Subaltern Studies Group (1995), to establish similarities and differences in the way some and others used this concept to analyze their respective colonial times and its present. We postulate that South Asian intellectuals started his reflection from the social and political reality to try to resolve the situation of the subordinate of his country immediately after independence in 1947, defined as marginal beings possessors of an ancient culture that nobody but themselves have access, and at the same time deprived of all rights of the enlightened modernity. Intellectuals in Latin America, in contrast, with the exception of Florencia Mallon, José Rabasa works and some others, possess a more academic of the subaltern view, and act as a statement of position to the inside of the intellectual history, distancing himself from the original historiography for focus on a defense epistemological against modernity and the system world.