This article critically discusses the fundamental aspects of the new Chilean law on the criminal liability of legal persons. In particular, this paper examines the legal nature of that responsibility, the imputation system applicable to legal persons as well as the elements that comprise it, the crimes for which such liability is applied, the penalties provided in relation to offenses under the act, the main elements of criminal procedure provided for legal persons. Finally, it highlights the positive aspects of the law as well as its shortcomings.