This article aims to recover the main conceptualizations of a particular stage of the work of the Ecuadorian sociologist Agustin Cueva, who represents one of the most important figures of Latin American social sciences in the second half of 20th century. We will see sociopolitical analysis of national realities (Chile and Ecuador) that Cueva developed in the intersection of the 1960s and 1970s, a moment of his work that we consider has not been sufficiently explored.