Purpose This paper aims at analyzing the potential of new materials in magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) with a particular focus on options for electrodes and electrolyte solutions while also carefully considering the barriers to their entry in this application for MIBs, with a particular focus on the material options for electrodes and electrolyte solutions.Design/methodology/approach Potential materials for MIBs were examined for sustainability, safety and efficiency to develop the sustainable and well-working MIBs.Findings For anode materials, the use of Mg-bismuth alloys has shown promise, whereas Chevrel phases or layered molybdenum disulfide have potential as cathode materials. Potential electrolytes range from traditional materials to the development of tailored solid-state and liquid-based options.Originality/value This study considers the growing need for Mg-based ion batteries, as well as the need for suitable electrode and electrolyte materials and analyzes suitable options.