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First metagenomic analysis of the Andean condor (<i>Vultur gryphus</i>) gut microbiome reveals microbial diversity and wide resistome
Indexado
WoS WOS:001066254500001
Scopus SCOPUS_ID:85165373429
DOI 10.7717/PEERJ.15235
Año 2023
Tipo artículo de investigación

Citas Totales

Autores Afiliación Chile

Instituciones Chile

% Participación
Internacional

Autores
Afiliación Extranjera

Instituciones
Extranjeras


Abstract



Background: The Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) is the largest scavenger in South America. This predatory bird plays a crucial role in their ecological niche by removing carcasses. We report the first metagenomic analysis of the Andean condor gut microbiome. Methods: This work analyzed shotgun metagenomics data from a mixture of fifteen captive Chilean Andean condors. To filter eukaryote contamination, we employed BWA-MEM v0.7. Taxonomy assignment was performed using Kraken2 and MetaPhlAn v2.0 and all filtered reads were assembled using IDBA-UD v1.1.3. The two most abundant species were used to perform a genome reference-guided assembly using MetaCompass. Finally, we performed a gene prediction using Prodigal and each gene predicted was functionally annotated. InterproScan v5.31-70.0 was additionally used to detect homology based on protein domains and KEGG mapper software for reconstructing metabolic pathways. Results: Our results demonstrate concordance with the other gut microbiome data from New World vultures. In the Andean condor, Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum present, with Clostridium perfringens, a potentially pathogenic bacterium for other animals, as dominating species in the gut microbiome. We assembled all reads corresponding to the top two species found in the condor gut microbiome, finding between 94% to 98% of completeness for Clostridium perfringens and Plesiomonas shigelloides, respectively. Our work highlights the ability of the Andean condor to act as an environmental reservoir and potential vector for critical priority pathogens which contain relevant genetic elements. Among these genetic elements, we found 71 antimicrobial resistance genes and 1,786 virulence factors that we associated with several adaptation processes.

Revista



Revista ISSN
Peer J 2167-8359

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Disciplinas de Investigación



WOS
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scopus
Agricultural And Biological Sciences (All)
Biochemistry, Genetics And Molecular Biology (All)
Neuroscience (All)
SciELO
Sin Disciplinas

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Publicaciones WoS (Ediciones: ISSHP, ISTP, AHCI, SSCI, SCI), Scopus, SciELO Chile.

Colaboración Institucional



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Autores - Afiliación



Ord. Autor Género Institución - País
1 Martinez-Hernandez, J. Eduardo - Fundación Ciencia para la Vida - Chile
Centro de Genomica Nutricional Agroacuicola - Chile
Fundación Ciencia y Vida - Chile
CGNA Agriaquaculture Nutrit Genom Ctr - Chile
2 Berrios, Pablo Hombre Universidad Mayor - Chile
3 SANTIBANEZ-MOREIRA, RODRIGO ALEJANDRO Hombre Fundación Ciencia para la Vida - Chile
Fundación Ciencia y Vida - Chile
4 Cuesta-Astroz, Yesid - Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical - Colombia
Univ CES - Colombia
4 Astroz, Yesid Cuesta - Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical - Colombia
Univ CES - Colombia
5 Sanchez, Carolina Mujer Universidad Mayor - Chile
6 Martin, Alberto J. M. Hombre Fundación Ciencia para la Vida - Chile
Universidad San Sebastián - Chile
Fundación Ciencia y Vida - Chile
7 TROMBERT-LEIVA, ANNETTE NICOLE Mujer Universidad Mayor - Chile

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Financiamiento



Fuente
FONDECYT
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico

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Agradecimientos



Agradecimiento
This work was supported by FONDECYT regular (No. 1181089). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
This work was supported by FONDECYT regular (No. 1181089). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Muestra la fuente de financiamiento declarada en la publicación.