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| DOI | 10.2174/1385272822666180404152113 | ||||
| Año | 2018 | ||||
| Tipo | revisión |
Citas Totales
Autores Afiliación Chile
Instituciones Chile
% Participación
Internacional
Autores
Afiliación Extranjera
Instituciones
Extranjeras
In the last decades, the development of advanced analytical techniques has revealed the presence of micro-contaminants (MCs) in effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs), which represents a significant challenge to wastewater reclamation as biological treatments attain only partial removal of MCs. The application of tertiary treatments for refining these waters so as to avoid MCs reaching both irrigation systems and water natural bodies is widely studied. In this chapter, an overview of the combination of different membranes with advanced oxidation processes and conventional physicochemical treatments for the improvement of MCs removal efficiency is assessed. In addition, membrane fouling effects, progress in analytical monitoring techniques and brief economic considerations have been also tackled. Pressure-driven membrane processes for MCs retention is discussed focusing microfiltration (MF)/ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), forward osmosis (FO) and membrane distillation (MD) systems. Reviewed physicochemical processes included adsorption on activated carbon; coagulation/flocculation and chlorination/ozonation also integrated with membranes processes. Membrane bioreactors integrated with other membrane systems as NF or RO showed high removal rates (99%) for all compounds looked over. Different advanced oxidation processes as pre-treatment stage for mainly avoiding fouling and as post-treatment of the membrane rejection stream is also discussed. Integration of membranes with photo-reactors by both photocatalytic membranes and hybrid systems coupling photocatalysis and membrane processes (for retaining the powdered TiO2 in the photoreactor) has been also addressed in this chapter. Economical and regulation considerations in different countries and EU are discussed as the final and conclusive section of this work.
| Ord. | Autor | Género | Institución - País |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oller, Isabel | Mujer |
Plataforma Solar Almeria CIEMAT - España
Joint Ctr Univ Almeria CIEMAT - España CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almería - España Universidad de Almería - España |
| 2 | Miralles-Cuevas, Sara | Mujer |
Universidad de Tarapacá - Chile
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| 3 | Aguera, Ana | - |
Joint Ctr Univ Almeria CIEMAT - España
|
| 3 | Agüerab, Ana | - |
Universidad de Almería - España
Joint Ctr Univ Almeria CIEMAT - España |
| 4 | Malato, Sixto | Hombre |
Plataforma Solar Almeria CIEMAT - España
Joint Ctr Univ Almeria CIEMAT - España CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almería - España Universidad de Almería - España |
| Fuente |
|---|
| Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad |
| Solar Energy Research Center for her post-doctoral position in Arica, Chile under the SERC-Chile FONDAP Project |
| Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under TRICERATOPS Project |
| Agradecimiento |
|---|
| The authors wish to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for funding under the TRICERATOPS Project (Reference: CTQ2015-69832-C4-1-R). Ph.D Sara Miralles wishes to thank the Solar Energy Research Center for her post-doctoral position in Arica, Chile under the SERC-Chile FONDAP Project (Reference: 15110019). Her contribution was carried out during her stay at Plataforma Solar de Almeria (Spain) from September to December 2016. |
| The authors wish to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for funding under the TRICERATOPS Project (Reference: CTQ2015-69832-C4-1-R). Ph.D Sara Miralles wishes to thank the Solar Energy Research Center for her post-doctoral position in Arica, Chile under the SERC-Chile FONDAP Project (Reference: 15110019). Her contribution was carried out during her stay at Plataforma Solar de Almería (Spain) from September to December 2016. |