The neoliberal economic model and the authoritarian political regime imposed by the Chilean dictatorship between 1973 and 1990, experienced partial changes since the return of democracy (1990). Moreover, the market economic model reached a high degree of validation and was deepened by the new civil authorities, while the Political Constitution of 1980 and the normative framework associated with it, suffered very few modifications due to the lack of political will of both the government and the parliament, and the occasional pressure from the military power. In this scenario, a part of the opposition to the dictatorship, composed by political-military organizations, chose to maintain the strategy of armed struggle, in order to modify the trajectory of the political process, partially destabilizing the democratic system. In this article we propose to analyze the characteristics of the transitional process, highlighting the centrality of violence in its different phases.